OF  THE 


BUREAU  OF  EDUCATION. 


IsTo.  4-1885. 


EnUOATlON  IN  JAPAN. 


WASIIIi^GTOIs  •• 

GOVERNMENT  PRINTING  OEEICE. 
18  8 0. 


4(G8 No.  4- 


473-4 


(6—030.) 


PLEASE  FILL  AND  RETURN  THIS  RECEIPT. 


1S8  . 


I hdve  received  from  the  Bureau  of  Education  the 
foUowing : 


(IS^PLEASK  SIGN  THIS  LEGIHLY.) 
Maine, . 

Profession  or  offeial  ])Osition, 


Post-off  ce  add.ress  (tojvn  or  city , county , and  State),  _ 


If  city,  street  and  nuinhcr. 


(Please  advise  this  office  of  any  fU'Ofjosed  change  in 
your  off  eial  jiosition  or  ad, dress.) 


Note. — Any  criticisnis  or  ivir.urks  wliicli  your  exaniiiiation  of  this  report  may 
suggest  are  respectfully  invited. 


1 2.'<4ri— .■■0,0(10.) 


475 


'i.- V 


"II'.  ^ J ••  "!  , - - - -nw 


CON  T ENTS 


Letter  of  the  Cominissiouer  of  Education 

Padt  I. — The  Systeai. 

Administration  and  history  : 

Territorial  organization 

Political  organization 

Department  of  education 

Historical  outline 

Schools  and  institutions  for  advanced  or  special  instruction  : 

Kindergarten 

Elementary  schools 

Middle  schools - 

The  university  : 

Normal  schools 

Professional  schools 

Agricultural  schools 

Commercial  schools 

Industrial  schools 

Higher  female  schools 

Miscellaneous  schools 

Funds,  school  lands,  and  aids  to  advancement : 

Text  books 

Libraries  and  museums 

Students  sent  abroad 

Educational  conventions 

Encouragement  of  education 

Educational  funds 

School  lauds 

Addendum : 

Tokio  Commercial  School 

School  for  the  nobility 

Changes  at  the  university 

Higher  commercial  school  at  Tokio 

Lectures  at  the  Tokio  Educational  Museum 

Licensing  of  middle  and  normal  school  instructors 

Learned  societies 


Page. 


8 

9 

9 

10 

11 

11 

12 

14 

14 

15 
15 
15 
15 


15 

16 
16 
16 
16 
17 
17 

17 

17 

18 
18 
18 
19 
19 


Pakt  II. — Statistics. 


Table  1. — Amount  of  educational  expense  decided  by  the  a,s,seml)lics  for  lb82.  21 

Table  II. — Part  1. — School  population  and  attendance  in  1833 22 

Part  2. — Number  of  schools  and  instructors  in  1883 24 

Part  3. — Training  audmiscellaueousgchooLs  and  instructors  in  1883  . 28 

475 


4 


CONTENTS. 


Page. 

Table  III. — Value  of  public  and  other  school  ])ropert,v  of  each  fu  or  ken  for  1883  . 32 

Table  IV. — Items  of  incomeof  the  public  schools,  kindergarten,  &c.,  for  le83.  31 

Tabj.e  V.— Items  of  expenditure  for  the  public  .schools,  kindergarten,  &c.,  for 

1883  3d 

'J'abli;  \T. — Part  1 . — Estimated  amount  of  educational  expen.ses  <lecided  by  fu 

or  ken  assemblies  for  l';83 40 

Part  2. — Estimated  amount,  by  items,  of  educational  expenses  de- 
cided by  fu  or  ken  assemblies  for  1883  42 

Part  3. — Items  of  estimated  expen.ses  for  fu  or  ken  normal  schools 

for  1883  44 

Part  4. — Items  of  estimated  expenses  of  fu  or  ken  middle  schools 

for  1883  4(5 

Part  .b. — Items  of  estimated  expenses  of  fu  or  ken  professional 

schools  for  1883  48 

Part  d. — Sources  of  income  for  educational  expenses  for  1883 48 

Part  7. — Estimated  local  exi^euses  for  1883 : . . 50 

Part  8. — Sources  of  income  for  local  expenses  in  1883 54 

Part  9. — Contributions  and  contributors  to  the  public  schools, 

kindergarten,  &c.,  for  1883  56 


476 


Digitized  by  the  Internet  Archive 
in  2017  with  funding  from 
Columbia  University  Libraries 


https://archive.org/details/circularsofinforOOunse 


LETT  E R . 


Department  of  the  Interior, 

Bureau  of  Education, 
WashinfitoUj  D.  C.,  October  13,  ISSa. 

Sir:  Tlie  iuterinitioiuil  comparison  of  statistics  is  on  the  increase. 
Especially  great  effort  is  made  at  the  present  time  to  bring  together 
the  statistics  of  education  in  the  different  nations  for  eoniparison  and 
study.  Japan  is  recognized  as  one  of  the  countries  making  most  rapid 
progress  in  improvements  in  education.  The  relations  between  Amer- 
icans and  Japanese  since  the  opening  of  Japan  to  foreign  intercourse 
have  been  most  cordial  and  the  interchange  of  educational  information 
between  the  two  countries  has  been  constant.  Americans  are  watchful 
of  all  the  indications  of  Japanese  progress  in  educational  improve- 
ments. 

The  accompanying  papers  give  a correct  and  measurably  comidete 
idea  of  the  organization  and  statistics  of  education  in  that  country  and 
are  recommended  for  ])ublication  as  a means  of  meeting  the  demand  for 
the  data  they  coiitain.  Those  who  wish  to  learn  more  of  the  condition 
and  appliances  ol*  Japanese  education  will  gain  many  ideas  by  visiting 
the  pedagogical  museum  of  this  Office,  which  has  been  enriched  by 
many  gifts  from  the  Japanese  Ministry  of  Education. 

Very  respectfully,  your  obedient  servant, 

JOHN  EATON, 

Commissioner. 

The  Hon.  Secretary  of  the  Interior. 


Publication  approved. 


H.  L.  MHLDROW, 

ActiiKj  Secretary. 
477-478 


EDUCATION  IN  JAPAN. 


The  following  interesting  account  of  education  in  Japan  has  been 
prepared  and  translated  by  the  Japanese  department  of  education ; ' 

PART  I.— THE  SYSTEM. 

ADMIXISTJiATIOX  AXD  HISTOKY. 

Territorial  orf/anization. — .Japan  isdivided  into  9 eircnitp,  viz:  Kiuai,  TOkai,  Tozau. 
Hokuroku,  Saii-in,  Saiiy-0,  JSTankai,  Saikai,  and  Hokkai.  The  nine  circuits  arc  suJ)- 
dividcd  into  84  provinces  which  arc,  Yiiuiashiro,  Yaniato,  Ivawachi,  Idznini,  Settsii, 
Jfta,  Ise,  .'^Innia,  Owaii,  Mikawa,  lotoiid,  Surntva,  Kai,  Idzu,  Sagaud,  Mnsashi,  Awa, 
Kazusa,  Shiniosa,  Hitachi,  Oini,  Mino,  Ilida,  Sbiuano,  KOznke.  Shiuiotsnke,  Iwaki, 
Iwashiro,  Eiknzen,  Eiknehii,  Jlntsu,  Uzen,  U^n),  Wakasa,  Ycchizeu,  Kaj^a,  Koto, 
Yetchtl,  Yeehi£;o,  Sado,  Tanha,  Tango,  Tajinia,  Inaba,  IlOki,  Idzuuio,  Iwauu,  Oki, 
Hariina,  Mimasaka,  IJizen,  Bitchii,  Bingo,  Aki.  Suwo,  Nagato,  Kii,  Awaji.  Awa, 
Sannki,  lyo,  Tosa,  Chikuzcn,  Chikngo.  IJiizcn,  Bnngo,  Ilizen,  Higo,  Hiiga,  Osund, 
Satsuma,  Iki,  Tsusluina,  Tosluuia,  Sliiribeshi,  Ishikari,  Tcshio,  Kitaini,  Il.uiri,  Hidaka, 
Tokachi,  Kiishiro,  K'eniuro,  Tisliiina.  Besides  there  are  two  islands,  viz,  Ogasawara 
and  Riukiu. 

For  the  purpose  of  the  administration  of  all  these  provinces,  there  are  established 
the  3 fii  (imperial  city)  of  Tokio,  Kioto,  anddsaka,  and  the  44  ken  (prefectoral  divis- 
ion of  the  empire)  of  Kauagawa,  lliogo,  Nagasaki,  Xiigata,  lIakoda^e,  Saitama, 
Gnmba,  Chiba,  Ibaraki,  Tochigi,  Miyo,  Aichi,  Shidzuoka,  Yamanashi,  Shiga,  Gifu, 
Nagano,  Miyagi,  Fukushima,  Iwate,  Aomori,  Yamagata,  Akita,  Fukiii,  Ishikawa, 
Toyama,  Tottori,  Shimane,  ' Okaynima.,  Hiroshima,  Yaniagiichi,  tYakayaina,  Toku- 
shima, Yehime,  Kochi,  Fukuoka,  Oita,  Saga,  Kumamoto,  Miyazaki,  Kagoshima,  Okin- 
awa, Sajiporo,  and  Nemnro.  Under  fu  and  ken,  tln-re  are  ku  and  gun  which  are 
•subtlivided  into  wards  and  villages  for  the  jiurpose  of  local  administration,  'i'okio 
is  the  seat  of  government,  the  Imperial  I’alaee  being  also  situated  here.  According 
to  the  census  of  the  15th  year  of  Meip'  (1882),  the  population  of  the  country  is 
37,041,308,  of  which  5,750,946  are  school  population. 

Tolitical  organization. — All  the  administrative  affairs  of  the  country  are  under  the 
control  of  the  Emperor.  Under  Daijokwan  or  privy  council  there  are  10  departments, 
— the  departments  of  foreign  affairs,  interior,  finance,  war,  marine,  education,  agri- 
culture and  commerce,  public  works,  justice,  aud  the  Imperial  homsehold, — and  also 
the  senate,  and  the  supreme  court  of  judicature.  These  all  form  part  of  the  admin- 
istration of  the  country.  There  is  a governor  in  each  fu  and  ken,  who  exercises  juris- 
diction in  accordance  with  the  laws  and  regulations  jiassed  by  the  government,  and 
in  conformity  with  the  directions  of  the  various  Ministers.  In  every  gun  or  ku,  the 
subdivision  of  fu  or  ken,  there  is  a guncho  or  kncho,  who  controls  that  gun  or  ku 
under  the  superintendence  of  the  governor,  and  in  conformity  with  his  directions.  In 
a ward  or  village  there  is  a kocho,  who,  under  the  supervision  of  guncho  or  kncho, 
takes  charge  of  the  administrative  affairs  in  his  jurisdiction. 

In  regard  to  education,  there  are  school  committees  especially  organized  in  wards 
or  villages  to  conduct  the  various  matters  concerning  the  school  attendance  of 
children,  the  establishment  and  maintenance  of  schools,  &c.,  under  the  supervision 
of  the  governor.  They  are  nominated  in  each  school  district  (details  concerning  the 
division  of  wards  or  villages  into  school  districts  will  be  found  in  the  following  pages) 
by  the  people  of  that  district,  and  then  the  governor  .selects  a certain  number  of  those 
thus  nominated.  The  tenure  of  ofdce  of  the  school  committees  is  not  less  than  4 


* In  connection  with  this  aiticle,  see  Circular  of  Information  of  the  Bureau  of  Educ.at  ion,  No.  2,  1875. 

479 


8 


CIRCULARS  OF  INFORMATION  FOR  1885. 


years  and  is  fixed  according  to  circumstances.  Their  number,  salaries,  Act,  are  de- 
termined by  the  ward  or  village  assembly,  with  the  approval  of  the  governor.  In  case 
any  committee  man  is  incapable  of  discharging  his  duty  after  he  lias  been  ai)])oin(pd 
the  governor  causes  another  nomination  to  be  made. 

Persons  qualified  to  servo  aa  members  of  school  committees  or  to  take  part  in  the 
nomination  of  the  same  must  be  males  upwards  of  '20  years  of  ago,  jiossessing 
either  lauds  or  buildings  and  having  both  legal  and  actual  residence  within  their 
respective  school  districts.  The  kocho  takes  ])art  in  the  business  of  school  commit- 
tees in  hisow’u  school  districts. 

When  several  wards  or  villages  unite  together  and  establish  such  schools  as  jn-o- 
fessional  schools,  middle  schools,  &,c.,  independent  of  the  limit  of  the  school  districts 
in  wdiich  elementary  schools  are  organized,  they  nominate  sjiecial  school  committees 
within  the  limit  of  the  school  district  thus  formed.  The  regulations  as  to  the  mode 
of  nomination,  appointment,  functions,  &o.,  are  the  same  as  tho,se  adoiitod  in  the  ease 
of  school  committees  of  school  districts. 

Department  of  education. — The  department  of  education  is  one  of  the  ten  depart- 
ments, and  the  minister  of  education  has  control  over  all  aft'airs  connected  with  the 
education  of  the  country,  and  with  respect  to  these  affairs  he  superintends  the  gov- 
ernors offu  and  ken.  There  are  senior  and  junior  vice  ministers  who  assist  him  in 
the  discharge  of  his  duties,  secretaries  who  manage  the  special  business  intrusted  to 
them  under  the  orders  of  the  minister,  and  subordinate  officers  who  transact  the  va- 
rious business  assigned  to  them  respectively. 

The  minister  of  education  prepares  drafts  in  regard  to  the  establishment  and  abo- 
lition of  such  laws  and  regulations  as  are  connected  with  education  and  submits 
them  to  the  Emperor  for  approval;  he  also  signs  such  laws  and  regulations  and  is 
responsible  for  them ; and  when  any  proceeding  of  a governor  in  relation  to  education 
is  deemed  improper,  he  has  the  right  of  nullifying  it. 

In  order  to  carry  on  the  business  of  the  department  the  following  bureaus  are  or- 
ganized within  the  department,  viz,  bureau  of  special  school  affairs  (to  conduct 
Inisiness  concerning  higher  and  special  education),  bureau  of  general  school  affairs 
(to  conduct  business  concerning  general  education),  bureau  of  com])ilation  (to  con- 
duct the  business  of  writing  and  compiling  books  necessary  to  education),  bureau  of 
finance  (to  couduct  financial  business,  constructions,  and  lepairs),  bureau  of  general 
business  (to  couduct  business  connected  with  official  regulations  for  the  otiicers  of 
the  several  bureaus  of  the  department,  and  the  schools,  iSce.,  under  its  control,  and 
various  business  not  undertaken  by  th"  other  bureaus),  bureau  of  report  (to  conduct 
business  concerning  the  reports,  statistics,  &c.,  of  education),  office  of  private  secre- 
taries (belonging  to  the  private  office  of  the  minister  and  vice  ministers  and  having 
(barge  of  business  concerning  appointment,  dismissal,  jiromotion,  &c.,  of  officers 
under  the  control  of  the  minister),  documentary  examiners’  office  (to  examine  the 
drafts  of  laws  and  regulations),  office  of  prize  affairs  (to  conduct  business  connected 
with  the  pensions  of  teachers  and  educational  rewards),  institute  of  music  (to  cou- 
duct business  concerning  incpiiries  as  to  singing  and  the  improvement  of  music), 
office  of  report  of  the  government  gazette  (to  comluct  the  business  of  collecting  and 
arranging  in  proper  order  the  laws,  regulations,  writings,  reports,  itc.,  necessary  to 
education,  which  are  to  be  puldished  in  Kuwan])0,  the  government  gazette).  The 
chief  of  each  of  these  birreaus  is  a secretary,  and  in  some  cases  an  assistant  (diief  is 
also  appointed. 

The  minister  and  vice  ministers  visit,  from  time  to  time,  the  schools  of  every  fu  and 
ken  or  send  officers  under  them  to  every  place  to  inspect  the  actual  condition  of  edu- 
cation. These  officers  afterwards  present  to  the  minister  req)orts  on  the  result  of  their 
inspection.  The  governors  are  bound  to  present  every  year  a detailed  rejiort  of  edu- 
cation within  their  jurisdictions,  and  the  schools  under  the  control  of  the  depart- 
ment are  also  obliged  to  ])resent  a report  on  the  result  of  instruction.  The  minister 
then  arranges  all  these  reports  in  proper  order  and,  after  making  his  own  remarks 
and  adding  statistics,  presents  them  to  the  Emperor  as  the  Annual  Reports  of  the  De- 
partment of  Education.  This  report  is  afterwards  made  public,  to  show  the  condition 
of  local  education. 

The  minister  of  education  has  organized  an  academy  which  is  to  inquire  into  mat- 
ters concerning  education  and  to  discuss  subjects  connected  with  this  science  and 
art.  The  members  of  the  academy  are  at  present  21  in  all,  and  are  all  good  scholars 
of  high  reputation.  The  7 original  members  were  chosen  by  the  minister  himself  and 
the  rest  have,  from  time  to  time,  been  elected  by  the  vote  of  the  members.  'I  he  presi- 
dent and  vice  president  are  chosen  by  the  members,  their  tenure  of  office  being  1 
year.  As  a rule  the  academy  meets  once  a mouth  in  the  department  of  education. 

The  directors,  librarians,  curators,  teachers,  &c.,of  the  schools,  libraries,  museums, 
(fcc.,  under  the  control  of  the  department  of  education  are  ap])ointed  and  dismissed 
in  different  ways,  according  to  their  rank : those  of  the  class  of  chokunin  are  appointed 
and  dismissed  by  the  Emperor  himself;  those  of  the  class  of  sonin,  by  the  prime  min- 
ister, after  the  matter  has  been  submitted  to  the  Emperor  by  the  minister  of  educa- 

480 


EDUCATION  IN  JAPAN. 


9 


tion;  and  those  of  the  class  of  hannin,  by  the  minister  himself.  The  following  table 
shows  the  classes  and  annual  salaries  expressed  in  yen:' 


Otfici.!!  title. 

Oflici.sl  rank. 

Amount  of  annual  salary. 

Yen. 

Yen. 

Yen. 

Yen. 

Yen. 

Yen. 

Yen, 

Yen. 

Chokuiipi. . . 
Sonin 

4,  800 

8,  000 

4,  200 
2,400 

8,  GOO 

3,  000 
1,800 

Deanaof  lacultien,  tlirec- 

2, 100 

1,  500 

1,200 

,060 

tors,  librarian,  ami  cu- 
ratoih 

Chokunin... 

4,  800 

3 600 

4,  200 
3,  000 

1 .500 

3,  COO 
2,400 
1,200 
840 
2, 100 
840 
480 

3 00# 

Protessors < 

3,  100 
900 

1,  800 

1,500 

Assistant  jii  ofcssors  ^ 

1,800 

1,200 

3 000 

Ilaiinin 

'ooo 

2,400 

P60 

540 

720 

1,800 

720 

420 

000 

],500 

COO 

1,200 

OGO 

laatnictors < 

Hannin 

Hannin 

1,200 

600 

Assistant  instructors  .. 

360 

300 

240 

Teachers  

Hannin 

540 

480 

420 

360 

300 

240 

180 

144 

i 

* The  clerks  are  divided  into  ten  classes,  from  the  fir.st  to  the  tenth,  and  the  oiHcial  ranks  and  salary 
are  the  same  as  those  of  the  clerks  of  the  other  government  departments. 


The  amount  of  salary,  from  the  professors  down  to  teachers  mentioned  in  the  above 
table,  may  be  more  oi  loss  reduced  in  case  the  number  of  hours  of  instruction  be  less 
than  that  regularly  prescribed. 

Historical  outline  of  education. — Owing  to  the  lack  of  books  and  writings  on  the  subject 
we  do  not  know  much  about  the  ancient  condition  of  education  in  our  country,  tint 
since  the  time  of  Ojin  Tenno,  who  reigned  towards  930  of  the  im])erial  era  (a.  d.  270), 
the  successive  emperors  paid  attention  to  education,  encouraged  it,  and  made  its  ad- 
ministration one  of  the  principal  government  departments.  lu  the  reign  of  the  Em- 
peror Mommu  (a.  D.  673-G8())  1 he  system  of  instruction  was  reformed,  a university  was 
established  at  Kioto,  and  schools  were  also  organized  in  various  ])rovinces.  In  the 
time  of  the  Emperor  Kammu  (a,  d.  782-^0'))  education  was  comiiletely  organized 
and  was  in  a very  nourishing  condition.  During  the  periods  of  Hogen  (a.  d,  ll.Vi) 
and  Heiehi  (a.  d.  1159)  political  iiower  was  transferred  to  the  military  class,  and  ed- 
ucation then  declined  ; but  after  Tokngawa  lyeyasu  established  the  military  govern- 
ment at  Yedo  (the  present  Tokio)  and  engaged  learned  men  and  organized  government 
schools,  it  began  to  llourish  once  more.  From  this  time  wm  see  schools  of  Han  organ- 
ized within  the  dominions  of  the  feudal  lords,  and  also  w’ilhin  their  residences  at  the 
three  capitals  (Yedo,  Kioto,  Osaka).  There  were  also  village  as  rvell  as  private 
schools  in  wards  and  villages.  No  rules  being  then  established  by  the  government, 
each  of  those  schools  followed  its  own  course  of  instruction,  but  elementary  education 
was  given  in  every  part  of  the  country. 

In  the  first  year  of  Meiji  (1868),  the  political  power  having  been  transferred  to  the 
Emperor,  the  Gakushiu-in  (a  school  for  nobles)  was  established  in  Jvioto.  This  was 
the  lirst  step  towards  the  improvement  of  education  after  the  political  reform.  In 
the  second  year  of  Meiji  (1869)  there  was  established  in  Tokio  the  university  which 
bad  the  control  of  educational  matters  over  the  whole  country.  In  the  fourth  year 
of  Meiji  (1871)  the  university  was  replaced  by  the  department  of  education,  which 
takes  charge  of  the  educational  system  of  the  country,  lu  the  following  year  there 
was  promulgated  the  code  of  education,  by  wliich  the  school  districts  and  the  modes 
of  instruction  in  the  university,  middle  schools,  and  elementary  schools,  were  de- 
termined. The  school  age  of  children  was  also  fixed  at  from  6 to  13  years  of  age.  At 
this  jieriod  a great  many  schools  were  established  in  various  parts  of  the  country 
and  great  imjnovemeuts  were  made  in  the  mode  of  instruction.  In  January  of  the 
eightli  year  of  Meiji  (1875)  the  school  ago  of  children  w'as  altered  and  fixed  at  from 
6 to  14  years  of  ago.  In  September  of  the  twelfth  year  of  Meiji  (1879)  the  old  code 
of  education  was  abolished,  a new  code  of  education  was  ])assed,  and  many  improve- 
ments were  made  in  the  system.  In  December  of  the  thirteenth  year  of  Meiji  (1880) 
the  code  of  education  was  revised  and  the  sphere  of  business  connected  with  etluca- 
tion  was  considerably  enlarged.  This  code  is  the  one  now  in  force. 

SCHOOLS  AND  INSTITUTIONS  FOR  ADVA.N'CED  OK  SPECIAL  INSTRUCTION. 

Kindergarten.  — Kindergarten  ai'o  designed  to  train  children  of  either  sex  under 
school  age,  with  a view  of  assisting  home  education  and  of  laying  the  foundation  of 
the  school  education,  moral,  physic.al,  and  intellectual  development  being  the  chief 
aim  of  the  training.  According  to  the  investigations  made  in  the  fifteenth  year  of 
Meiji  (1882),  there  are  7 Kindergarten,  including  government,  puldic,  and  private  es- 


■ The  value  of  the  yon  is  85.8  cents. 


481 


10 


f’IRC'ULAKS  OF  INFOEMATION  FOR  1885. 


tabliBbiuents.  One  of  them  is  established  in  the  TOkio  Female  Normal  Scho'ol,  aud 
instriietioii  is  given  by  the  students  of  that  school.  There  are  also  independent  Kin- 
dergarten, ■which  are  managed  by  the  condnetors. 

The  course  of  instruction  generally  comprises  assembly,  conversations  on  morals, 
conversations  on  various  objects,  block  laying,  paper  plaiting,  embroidery,  drawing, 
counting,  reading,  writing,  singing,  games,  «fcc.,  and  the  length  of  the  coprse  of  study 
is  years.  The  regulations,  &c.,  of  Kindergarten  are  determined  according  to  local 
comlitions,  and  conserineutly  are  not  uniform. 

Elemenlarii  schools. — Elementary  schools  are  those  in  which  general  education  is 
given  to  children  aiid  at  which  attendance  is  compulsory.  According  to  the  compu- 
tation of  the  lifteenth  year  of  Meiji  (1882),  the  total  number  of  elementary  schools  in 
the  country,  including  government,  public,  aud  private  establishments,  is  29,081. 

An  elementary  school  district  may  consist  of  a single  ward  or  village,  or  of  several 
wards  or  villages  combined,  which  shall  possess  adequate  resources  for  est.ablishiug 
and  supporting  elementary  schools.  The  number  of  elementary  schools  to  be  organ- 
ized in  one  school  district  is  different  according  to  its  extent  and  the  convenience  of 
the  pnpils  attending  them.  Thus,  in  some  school  districts  there  is  only  one  element- 
ary school  and  in  others  there  are  several  elementary  schools.  Again,  in  some  there 
is  one  element.ary  school  with  several  branch  schools;  in  others  there  are  several  ele- 
mentary schools  and  several  branch  schools.  In  all  cases  the  number  is  determined 
by  the  governor  after  consideration  of  the  local  conditions. 

Although  elementary  schools  ought  to  be  established  in  every  ward  or  village,  yet, 
when  from  the  local  situation  it  is  iucouvenieut  for  the  pupils  to  attend  them  or 
when  the  pecuniary  condition  of  a ward  or  village  does  not  admit  of  the  establish- 
ment of  a school,  the  pupils  may  be  taught  by  the  system  of  itinerary  instruction. 

The  course  of  study  in  elementary  schools  is  determined  by  the  governor  in  accord- 
ance with  the  standard  outline  of  the  course  of  study  of  elementary  schools  issued 
by  the  minister  of  e<lueation,  modified  according  to  local  conditions,  and  is  enforced 
after  the  approval  of  the  minister  of  education.  It  is  consequently  not  uniform. 

'I'he  elemeutai’y  school  course  is  divided  into  three  grades,  viz,  lower,  intermediate, 
and  higher  grades.  The  lower  grade  course  comprises  the  elements  of  morals,  read- 
ing, writing,  arithmetic;  also,  singing  and  gymnastics.  The  intermediate  grade 
course  com]irises,  in  addition  to  the  continuation  of  the  elements  of  morals,  reading, 
writing,  arithmetic,  and  singing  and  gymna, sties,  the  following  subjects,  viz:  the 
elements  of  geography,  history,  drawing,  natural  history,  physics;  and,  for  the  espe- 
cial benelit  of  female  students,  sewing  is  provided.  The  higher  grade  course  com- 
prises, in  addition  to  the  continuation  of  the  elements  of  morals,  reading,  writing, 
.'irithmetic,  geography,  drawing,  natural  history,  aud  singing  aud  gymnastics,  the 
following  subjects,  viz:  the  elements  of  chemistry,  geometry,  iihysiology,  aud  politi- 
cal economy;  while  for  the  esi»ecial  benefit  of  female  students,  domestic  economy 
is  sul.istituteil  for  political  economy.  The  length  of  the  course  of  study  is  It  year's  in 
the  lower  and  intermediate  grades  and  2 years  in  the  higher  grade  ; thus  the  whole 
length  of  the  three  courses  extends  over  8 years. 

Although  the  courses  of  elementary  schools  are  such  as  mentioned  above,  yet  some 
subjects  may  bo  added  or  omitted  in  accordance  with  local  conditions,  the  dili'erence 
of  sex,  &c. ; and  in  some  cases  the  elements  of  agriculture,  industry,  commerce,  &c., 
may  be  added.  Jhrt  in  no  case  are  moi'als,  reading,  writing,  or  arithmetic  to  be 
omitted. 

Teachers  of  elementary  schools  must  be  upwards  of  18  years  of  age  aud  must 
pos,scss  either  the  certificates  of  normal  schools,  teachers’  licenses,  or  certiticates  of 
qualilication  in  a certain  subject,  given  by  the  governor  of  fu  or  ken.  The  certiticate 
of  normal  schools  is  valid  tor  7 years  from  the  time  of  granting  it,  aud  available 
throughout  the  country  to  obtain  the  jiosition  of  a teacher  in  elementary  schools ; 
while  the  teachers’  licenses  given  by  the  governor  are  only  valid  for  a period  not  ex- 
ceeding 5 years,  and  are  only  available  within  the  jurisdiction  in  which  they  are  given. 

The  teachers’  license  is  given  by  the  governor  after  examination  made  as  to  the.  knowl- 
edge of  the  candidates,  in  accordance  with  the  directions  for  granting  teachers’ 
licenses  issued  by  the  minister  of  education,  and,  according  to  their  capacity,  the 
license  enables  them  to  teach  one  of  the  three  cour.ses  of  elementary  schools.  In  any 
locality  whore  no  teacher  can  bo  found  qualified  for  any  one  of  the.se  three  courses, 
then  those  qiialitied  for  any  one  or  several  subjects  may  be  substituted.  Scholars 
eminent  in  learning  who  can  teach  morals  well,  or  those  who  have  a good  knowledge 
of  agriculture,  industry,  commerce,  &c.,  may  obtain  teacher.s’  licenses  for  the  par- 
ticular subject  without  examination. 

All  children  of  school  age,  whether  male  or  female,  must  attend  elementary  schools' 
and  receive  instruction  there,  except  children  who  are  ill ; children  whose  relations 
are  ill,  and  who  have  no  other  persons  to  attend  to  them  ; children  who  have  physical 
disabilities;  children  whose  families  are  poor  (this  last  is  limited  to  those  cases  only 

'Chililren  who  have  not  been  vaccinated  or  who  are  affected  by  a contagious  disease  are  not  admitted 
to  the  schools. 


482 


EDUCATION  IN  JAPAN. 


11 


■where  there  are  no  schools  established  for  the  accoininodatiou  of  such  children) ; and 
children  who  are  receiving  the  instruction  of  the  elementary  course  at  home.  But 
those  who  have  some  reasons,  such  as  studying  some  other  subjects,  or  -u'ho  are  en- 
gaged in  occupations  after  completing  the  3 years’  course  of  elementary  instruction, 
may  be  specially  excused  from  attendance  at  elementary  schools. 

The  business  connected  with  compulsory  education  is  conducted  by  the  school  commit- 
tees under  the  supervision  of  the  guncho  or  kucho.  The  school  committees  .arc  bound 
at  the  end  of  every  year  to  examine  children  of  school  age  in  their  respective  school  dis- 
tricts, and  if  they  lind  any  child  who  does  not  attend  school  without  good  cause,  they 
must  compel  his  parent  or  guardian  to  send  him  to  school  or  examine  into  the  valid- 
ity of  the  excuse  and  decide  the  matter,  subject  to  the  approval  of  the  guncho  or 
kucho. 

Middle  schools. — Middle  schools  are  organized  according  to  the  local  conditions  of 
each  fu  and  ken  and  in  conformity  with  the  general  regulations  of  middle  schools  is- 
sued by  the  minister  of  education.  Their  object  is  to  give  higher  instruction  in  the 
common  branches  of  study,  so  as  toprepare  students  for  liberal  pursuits  or  for  the  more 
advanced  schools.  According  to  the  statistical  calculations  of  the  fifteenth  year  of 
Meiji  (1682),  the  number  of  middle  schools  is  172,  including  both  ])ublic  and  private 
institutions.  The  course  of  instruction  is  determined  in  accordance  with  the  standard 
outline  of  the  course  of  study  of  middle  schools  issued  by  the  minister  of  education. 
The  course  of  study  is  divided  into  two  grades,  viz,  lower  grade  and  higher  grade. 
The  course  of  the  longer  grade  comprises  morals,  Japanese  and  Chinese  literature, 
English  language,  arithmetic,  algebra,  geometry,  geography,  history,  physiology, 
zoology,  botany,  physics,  chemistry,  imlitical  economy,  book-keeping,  writing,  draw- 
ing, siugiug,  aud  gymnastics.  The  course  of  the  higher  grade  comprises,  in  addition 
to  the  continuation  of  the  lower  grade  course  in  morals,  Japanese  and  Chinese  litera- 
ture, English  language,  book-keeinug,  drawing,  singing,  and  gymnastics,  the  follow- 
ing subjects,  viz:  trigonometry,  mineralogy,  and  .Tapanese  law;  in  this  grade,  phys- 
ics and  chemistry  arc  also  taught. 

According  to  local  conditions,  a general  literary  course  and  a general  scientific 
cour.se  may  be  established  in  addition  to,  or  instead  of,  the  higher  grade  course  ; and 
also  such  S|)ecial  branches  of  study  as  agriculture,  industry,  commerce,  &c.,  may  be 
taught.  The  English  language  may  bo  omitted  or  the  German  or  French  language 
may  be  substituted  for  English.  The  length  of  the  course  of  .study  is  4 years  in  the 
lower  grade  and  2 years  in  the  higher  grade,  the  whole  course  extending  over  (5  years. 
However,  the  length  of  the  course  of  study  may  be  lengthened  or  shortened  by  any 
period  not  exceeding  1 year. 

In  order  to  provide  ajnodel  for  middle  schools,  the  minister  of  education  established 
the  middle  school  at  Osaka.  The  course  of  study  is  divided  into  two  grades,  viz, 
lower  aud  higher  grades. 

The  cour.se  of  the  lower  grade  comprises  morals,  Japanese  and  Chinese  literature, 
English  language,  arithmetic,  algebra,  geometry,  geography,  history,  iihysiology, 
zoology,  botany,  physics,  chemistry,  political  economy,  liook-keeping,  writing,  draw- 
ing, singing,  aud  gymnastics.  The  course  of  the  higher  grade  comprises,  in  addition 
to  the  continuation  of  morals,  Japanese  aud  Chinese  literature,  English  language, 
book-keeping,  drawing,  singing,  aud  gymnastics,  the  following  subjects,  viz:  trigo- 
nometry, mineralogy,  and  Japanese  law;  physics  and  chemistry  are  jUso  taught. 
The  length  of  the  cour.se  of  study  is  4 years  in  the  lower  grade  aud  2 years  in  the 
higher  grade,  the  whole  course  extending  over  (i  years. 

Universitij.  — There  is  only  one  university,  called  Tokid  Daigaku,  which  is  under  the 
control  of  the  department  of  education.  Its  object  is  to  give  instruction  in  the 
special  branches  of  study ; it  consists  of  the  four  departments  of  law,  science,  medicine, 
aud  literatui’e. 

In  the  department  of  law  a course  of  study  is  provided  to  teach  students  princi- 
pally Japanese  law,  English  aud  French  law  being  added.  There  is  also  a special 
course  of  instruction  which  is  provided  to  give  students  a more  simple  course  of  study. 
The  length  of  this  course  is  3 years.  But  sjiecial  instruction  will  be  given  for  1 year 
to  those  who  desire  to  learn  law  more  fully  after  they  have  completed  the  3-year 
course. 

In  the  department  of  science  a course  of  instruction  is  i>rovided  in  mathematics, 
physics,  chemistry,  biology,  astronomy,  engineering,  geology,  mining,  and  metal- 
lurgy. 

In  the  department  of  medicine  a course  of  instruction  is  provided  in  medicine  and 
in  ph.armacy,  aud  a special  course  is  also  provided.  The  object  of  the  course  in  medi- 
cine is  to  train  students  for  the  degree  of  Igakushi,  and  the  length  of  the  course  of 
study  is  5 years;  but  the  object  of  the  special  course  in  medicine  is  to  train  students 
as  practical  physicians,  and  the  length  of  the  course  of  study  is  4 years.  The  length 
of  the  course  of  study  in  pharmacy  is  3 years. 

In  the  department  of  literature  a course  of  instruction  is  provided  in  philosophy, 
political  economy,  political  science,  aud  Japanese  and  Chinese  literature. 


483 


12 


CIRCULARS  OF  INFORMATION  FOR  1885. 


The  leugtli  ol'  Ibc  course  of  study  is  4 ye:ir.s  in  each  dciiai  tmeiit,  except  iu  that  of 
iiiediciiie. 

Attached  to  the  dej)artmeut  of  literature  there  is  Koten  Koshiu  Ka,  rvli'ich  is  divided 
into  two  courses,  viz,  the  Japanese  classic  course,  and  the  Chinese  classic  course.  In  the 
Japanese  classic  course  students  are  taught  ancient  .Japanese  laws,  ancient  and  mod- 
ern history,  historical  changes  of  institutions,  changes  of  lang\iago,  &,c. : .an  I in  the 
Chinese  classic  course  they  are  taught  ancient  Chinese  law,  Chinese  classics,  history, 
doctrines  of  several  scholars,  Chinese  literature,  &c.  The  length  of  the  course  of 
study  is  3 years  in  the  Japanese  classic  course  and  4 years  in  the  Chinese  classic 
course. 

Attached  to  the  university  there  is  Yohiinon  (preparatory  department)  of  the  Tokio 
iJaigaku,  which  consists  of  2 schools,  viz,  the  principal  school,  whic  h is  situated  within 
the  deicartnicuts  of  law,  science,  and  literature,  and  the  branch  school,  which  is  situ- 
ated within  the  departiuent  of  medicine.  The  principal  school  is  intended  to  prepare 
students  on  such  subjects  as  are  necessary  for  entering  one  of  the  three  departments 
of  law,  science,  and  literature,  and  the  branch  school  is  intended  to  prejeare  students 
on  such  subjects  as  are  necessary  for  entering  tlie  department  of  medicine.  The 
length  of  the  course  of  study  is  3 years  in  the  principal  school  and  4 j’ears  in  the 
blanch  school. 

In  the  department  of  science  there  are  astronomical  and  meteorological  observa- 
tories which  are  both  situated  at  Motofujicho  in  llongo,  Tokio,  at  35°  4‘2'  north  lati- 
tude and  139°  4(1'  longitude  east  of  Greenwich.  There  are  also  botanical  gardens  and 
museums.  In  the  botanical  gardens,  several  thousands  s])ecies  of  plants  are  grown 
and  cultivated;  in  the  museums,  originals,  sfiecimens,  and  models  relating  to  phys- 
ics, chemistry,  and  natural  history  are  arranged. 

In  the  department  of  medicine  there  are  two  hospitals  to  which  sick  iieople  are  ad- 
mitted, and  in  certain  cases  they  are  taken  care  of  gratuitously.  These  are  provided 
to  enable  the  students  to  gain  practical  knowledge  of  their  subject. 

Besides,  there  are  the  military  academy,  under  the  control  of  the  war  deyiartment, 
and  the  engineering  college,  under  the  control  of  the  deyi.artment  of  juiblic  works. 
The  former  is  intended  to  train  those  persons  who  desire  to  become  officers  of  infantry, 
cavalry,  or  artillery,  or  military  engineers  in  such  a way  as  to  make  them  tit  to  dis- 
charge the  duty  of  stalF  officers  in  the  future.  The  latter  is  intended  to  train  engineers 
wdio  will  be  employed  by  the  de,y)artmeut  of  i)ublic  works.  A course  of  study  is  pro- 
vided in  civil  engineering,  mechanical  engineering,  shi))  building,  telegrai)hy,  house 
building,  i)ractical  chemistry,  mining,  and  metallurgy.  The  length  of  each  course  of 
study  is  six  years,  (•which  the  lirst  twm  years  (calleil  the  preparatory  course,  in  which 
students  .are  yirepared  for  entering  one  of  the  si)ecial  courses)  are  coulined  to  instruc- 
tion in  the  English  language,  geograidiy,  elementary  mathematics,  elementary  me- 
chanics, elementary  ydiysics,  chemistry,  and  drawing  (geometrical  and  mechanical), 
&c. ; .and  the  last  two  years  are  spent  iu  the  yiractical  application  of  the  knowledge 
already  accpiired. 

Normal  schooln. — Normal  schools,  intended  to  train  students  as  teachers  of  element- 
ary schools,  are  to  be  established  in  every  fu  and  ken  according  to  the  general  regu- 
lations of  normal  schools  issued  by  the  minister  of  education.  According  to  the  com- 
putation of  the  fifteenth  year  of  Meiji  (1882),  thenuuiber  of  public  normal  schools  is  7(5, 
with  some  branch  schools  annexed  to  them. 

The  regulations  as  to  the  course  of  study  are  determined  according  to  the  standard 
ou'line  of  the  course  of  study  of  normal  schools  issued  by  the  minister  of  education. 
The  course  of  instruction  is  divided  into  three  grades,  viz,  lower,  intermediate,  and 
higher  grades.  The  lower  grade  course  comprises  luoraks.  reading,  w'ritiug,  arith- 
metic, geography,  physics,  science  of  education,  school  m inageiuent,  practice  of  teach- 
ing, singing,  and  gymnastics.  The  intermediate  grade  course  comiu’ises  morals,  read- 
ing, writing,  arithmetic,  geogra|ihy,  history,  drawing,  jihysiology,  natural  history, 
physics,  chemistry,  geometry,  liook-keeping,  science  of  education,  school  management, 
practice  of  teaching,  singing,  and  gymnastics.  The  higher  grade  course  comprises 
morals,  reading,  writing,  arithmetic,  geography,  history,  (Irawing,  physiology,  natural 
histoi  v,  jdiysics,  chemistry,  geometry,  algebra,  political  economy,  book-keeping,  Jaj)- 
anese  law,  mental  philosophy,  science  of  education,  school  management,  practice  of 
teaching,  singing,  and  gymnastics.  The  length  of  the  course  of  study  is  1 year  in 
the  lower  grade,  2|^ years  iu  the  intermediate  grade,  and  4 years  in  the  higher  grade  ; 
but,  according  to  local  conditions,  the  course  of  instruction  may  be  niodilied,  and 
agriculture,  industry,  commerce,  &o.,  may  be  added.  Again,  in  female  normal  schools, 
.Jaiianese  law  and  political  economy  may  be  omitted,  or  some  other  subjects  may  be 
introduced,  and  sewing  and  domestic  economy  may  be  added.  Thus  the  course  of 
instruction  comprises  morals,  reading,  writing,  arithmetic,  geography,  Japanese  his- 
tory, drawing,  natural  history,  physics,  sewing,  domestic  economy,  etiquette,  science 
of  teaching,  siiiging,  and  gymnastics. 

In  some  fu  and  ken  teachers’  institutes  are  organized  for  the  purpose  of  improving 
the  teachers  of  elementary  schools  and,  iu  others,  supervising  teachers  are  appointed 

484 


EDUCATION  IN  JAPAN. 


13 


to  superintend  the  mode  of  instruction  in  elementary  schools,  »fcc.  The  regulations 
and  mode  of  carrying  out  these  plans  must  he  submitted  for  the  approval  of  the  min- 
ister of  education. 

Attached  to  each  normal  school  there  is  ;ui  elementary  school,  which  is  provided 
to  enable  the  normal  school  students  to  gain  practical  experience  in  teaching,  and 
which  also  serves  as  a model  for  elementary  schools. 

In  order  to  jirovide  a model  lor  normal  schools  the  department  of  education 
established  two  schools  in  Tokio,  one  of  which  is  for  the  instruction  of  male  stu- 
dents and  is  called  the  Tokio  Normal  School,  and  the  other  is  for  the  instruction  of 
female  students,  and  is  called  the  Tokio  Female  Normal  School. 

The  object  of  the  TokiO  Normal  School  is  to  train  students  as  teachers  of  the  whole 
course  of  elementary  schools,  middle  schools,  normal  schools,  Ac.  ; therefore  they  are 
taught  the  elementary  normal  school  course  and  the  middle  normal  school  course. 

The  elementary  normal  school  course  comprises  morals,  reading,  writing,  arithme- 
tic, geography,  history,  drawing,  physiology,  natural  history,  physics,  chemistry, 
geometry,  algebra,  political  economy,  book-keeping,  agriculture,  industry,  commerce, 
Japanese  law,  inental  jihilosojiby,  science  of  education,  school  management,  practice 
of  teaching,  singing,  and  gymnastics.  The  length  of  the  course  of  study  is  4 year.s. 

The  middle  normal  school  course  is  divided  into  two  grades,  viz,  lower  and  higher- 
grades.  The  lower  grade  course  comprises  morals,  Japanese  and  Chinese  literature, 
English  language,  algebra,  geometry,  physical  geography,  physiology,  zoology,  bot- 
any, mineralogy,  physics,  chemistry,  ])olitical  economy,  history,  drawing,  mental 
philosophy,  science  of  education,  practice  of  teaching,  singing,  and  gymnastics. 
The  length  of  the  course  of  study  is  4 years.  The  higher  grade  of  the  course  is  not 
yet  in  operation.  ' 

Attached  to  this  normal  school  there  is  an  elementary  school,  which  is  provided  for 
normal  students  to  gain  practical  experience  in  teaching  and  which  also  serves  as  a 
model  for  elementary  schools  for  boys.  The  cour.se  of  iu.struction  and  the  length  of 
the  course  of  study  do  not  differ  very  much  from  those  stated  in  the  standard  out- 
line of  the  course  of  study  of  elementary  schools  issued  by  the  minister  of  education. 

In  the  Tokio  Female  Normal  School  instruction  is  given  in  the  elementary  normal 
school  course  for  girls  w-ith  the  object  of  training  students  as  teachers  of  the  whole 
course  of  elementary  schools  for  girls.  The  course  of  instruction  comprises  morals, 
reading,  composition,  writing,  arithmetic,  geography,  Japanese  history,  drawing, 
natural  history,  physics,  chemistry,  science  of  education,  practice  of  teaching,  sewing, 
etiquette,  domestic  economy,  singing,  and  gymnastics.  The  length  of  the  course 
of  study  is  4 years. 

Attached  to  this  school  there  is  a higher  female  school,  in  which  higher  instruction 
is  given  in  the  common  branches  of  study  with  the  object  of  developing  the  various 
female  virtues.  The  course  of  instruction  is  divided  into  the  lower  and  higher- 
grades.  The  lower  grade  course  comprises  morals,  reading,  composition,  writing, 
arithmetic,  geograi^hy,  Japanese  history,  natural  history,  physics,  drawing,  sewing, 
etiquette,  singing,  and  gymua.stics.  The  higher  grade  course  comprises,  in  addition 
to  the  continuation  of  the  lower  grade  course  in  morals,  reading,  composition,  writ- 
ing, drawing,  sewing,  etiquette,  singing,  and  gymnastics,  the  following  subjects,  viz: 
chemistry  and  domestic  economy.  The  length  of  the  course  of  study  is  3 years  in 
the  lower  grade  and  2 years  in  the  higher  grade. 

Attached  to  the  Female  Normal  School  there  is  also  an  elementary  school  for  girls, 
which  is  provided  to  enable  female  normal  students  to  gain  practical  experience  in 
teaching  and  which  also  serves  as  a model  for  elementary  schools  for  girls.  The  course 
of  iustruction  is  divided  into  the  lower  and  higher  grades.  The  lower  grade  course 
comprises  the  elements  of  morals,  reading,  composition,  writing,  arithmetic,  drawing, 
sewing;  also,  singing  and  gymua.stics.  The  higher  grade  course  comprises,  in  addi- 
tion to  the  continuation  of  the  lower  grade  course  in  the  elements  of  morals,  reading, 
composition,  writing,  arithmetic,  drawing,  sewing,  singing,  and  gymnastics,  the  lol- 
lowing  subjects,  viz : the  elements  of  geography,  Japanese  history,  natural  history, 
physics,  and  etiquette.  The  length  of  each  course  of  study  is  3 years. 

Again,  there  is  a Kindergarten  annexed  to  the  Female  Normal  School,  to  which  chil- 
dren of  either  sex  under  school  age,  but  upwards  of  3 years  old,  are  admitted.  In- 
struction is  given  with  the  object  of  cultivating  their  moral  nature,  developing  their 
physical  constitutions,  and  improving  their  intellectual  faculties.  The  course  of 
training  comprises  assembly,  conversation  (ui  morals,  conversation  on  various  things, 
block  laying,  stick  laying,  ring  laying,  peas  work,  ben<l  joining,  paper  plaiting,  paper 
folding,  paper  perforating,  embroidery,  pa]ier  cutting,  drawing,  counting,  reading, 
writing,  singing,  and  games.  The  length  of  the  course  is  3 years.  This  is  provide(i 
to  enable  the  female  normal  students  to  gain  practical  experience  in  teaching  and  it 
also  serves  as  a model  for  other  Kindergarten. 

Accrtilicate  is  given  by  the  school  to  every  student  who  eoni))letes  the  course  of 
study  iu  the  normal  schools.  Thus  the  student.s  who  complete  the  higher  grade  course 
are  qualilied  as  teacher.s  of  any  elementary  school  course  ; those  who  complete  the 

485 


14 


CIECULAES  OF  INFORMATION  FOE  1885. 


intermediate  grade  course,  as  teacRers  of  the  intermediate  and  low(^r  grade  courses  of 
elementary  schools ; and  those  who  complete  the  lowi-r  grade  course,  as  teachers  of  the 
lower  grade  course  of  elementary  schools.  The  certificate  is  valid  for  7 years.  When 
there  is  manifest  evidence  as  to  deep  knowledge,  thorough  experience  in  the  ways  of 
teaching,  and  good  conduct,  a new  certificate  (available  for  7 years  or  for  life)  may  be 
given  without  examination,  eVen  after  the  expiration  of  7 years. 

Professional  schools. — Professional  schools  are  organized  according  to  the  local  con- 
dition of  fu  and  ken.  There  are  already  several  professional  schools  in  difi'erent  local- 
ities. According  to  the  computation  of  the  15th  year  of  Meiji  (18:12),  there  are  34 
I)ublic  schools  and  36  private  schools  of  this  kind.  Thus  there  are  schools  of  medi- 
cine, pharmacy,  law,  science,  literature,  drawfing,  navigation,  mathematics,  architect- 
ure, porcelain,  Ac.,  of  which  the  schools  of  medicine  are  most  numerous. 

The  regulations  as  to  the  course  of  instruction  in  the  schools  of  medicine  and 
pharmacy  are  determined  according  to  the  general  regulations  of  the  medical  and 
pharmaceutical  schools  issued  liy  the  minister  of  education.  Therefore  in  the  school 
of  medicine  the  length  of  the  course  of  study  is  4 years  for  X)hy.sicians  who  pursue 
the  regular  coni-so  of  study  and  3 years  for  those  who  desire  to  complete  their 
study  in  a short  time.  The  school  of  xiharmacy  is  at  present  within  the  school  of 
medicine,  and  the  length  of  the  course  of  study  is  over  3 years  for  irharmaceutists 
who  ijursue  the  regular  course  of  study  and  2 years  for  those  who  desire  to  com- 
Xrlete  their  study  in  an  easy  course. 

There  are  two  xu'ofessional  schools  established  by  the  dejiartment  of  education. 
One  is  called  the  Tokio  Foreign  Language  School  and  the  other  the  Gymnastic 
Institution. 

In  the  Tokio  Foreign  Language  School,  the  French,  German,  Russian,  Chinese,  and 
Coreau  languages  are  taught  (instruction  in  the  English  language  is  included  in  the 
course  of  the  Ghine.se  language).  The  length  of  each  course  of  study  is  5 years,  of 
which  3 years  are  occux^ieil  in  the  lower  grade  course  and  2 years  in  the  higher  grade 
course. 

Within  this  school  it  is  intended  to  xu’ovide  a commercial  school,  in  which  higher 
instruction  will  be  given  in  the  commercial  course,  with  the  object  of  training 
students  as  teachers  of  that  course  as  well  as  prex>aring  them  to  engage  in  commerce 
and  to  imxirove  its  condition.  It  is  also  intended  to  serve  as  a model  for  commercial 
schools.  But  as  it  is  not  yet  in  operation  the  course  of  instruction  will  not  be  men- 
tioned here. 

The  Gymnastic  lu.stitutioii  is  organized  for  the  xjurpose  of  training  students  in  the 
art  of  gymnastics.  Instruction  is  given  according  to  the  three  following  divisions, 
viz:  (1)  Teachers  of  normal  schools  of  fu  and  ken  and  other  schools  who  intend  to 
become  teachers  of  gymnastics  are  instructed  in  gymnastics  (light  exercise,  out- 
door exercise,  heavy  exerci.se,  rowing,  manceuvres  of  infantry),  physical  education, 
and  physiology;  the  length  of  the  course  of  study  is  about  6 mouths.  (2)  The 
students  and  scholars  of  all  the  schools  in  TOkiO  under  the  control  of  the  depart- 
ment of  educ.ation  are  instructed  in  the  same  kind  of  gymnastics  as  mentioned  above. 
(3)  Teachers  of  schools,  &c.,  who  learn  gymnastics  during  their  leisure  hours  are 
instructed  only  in  light  exercise,  out-door  exercise,  and  heavy  exercise. 

There  are  also  several  schools  organized  by  other  departments.  They  are  estab- 
lished for  the  purpose  of  giving  instruction  in  various  technical  subjects  and  are 
under  the  control  of  their  res^jective  departments.  Thus,  the  war  dexiartment 
has  a school  of  military  officers,  a normal  school  for  the  officers  of  infantry,  and 
a normal  school  for  subordinate  military  officers,  in  all  of  which  instruction  is  given 
in  military  affairs  concerning  infantry,  cavalry,  artillery,  and  engineering,  to  train 
students  as  military  officers. 

The  marine  department  has  a naval  school,  in  which  iu.strnctiou  is  given  in  artil- 
lery, navigation,  and  seamanship,  and  a school  of  marine  engineers,  in  which  students 
are  instructed  in  the  science  of  the  steam  engine. 

The  department  of  agriculture  and  commerce  has  a school  of  forestry,  in  which 
students  are  taught  the  science  of  forestry,  and  a nautical  school,  in  which  instruc- 
tion is  given  in  the  art  of  navigation.  In  the  dexiartment  of  xmblic  works  there  is  a 
telegraxih  school,  attached  to  the  telegraxdiic  bureau,  in  which  students  are  taught 
electricity,  telegraxfiiy,  and  the  English  and  French  languages.  In  the  department 
of  justice  there  is  a law  school,  in  which  studcutsaire  taught  law. 

Jriricullnral  schools. — Agricultural  schools  are  organized  according  to  the  local 
conditions  of  fu  and  ken,  in  conformity  with  the  general  regulations  of  the  agricult- 
ural schools  issued  by  the  minister  of  education.  According  to  tbe  comi)utatiou  of 
the  15tb  yetir  of  Meiji  (1882),  there  are  ten  schools,  including  both  xmblic  and  x>i'i- 
vate  institutions,  in  all  of  which  students  are  taught  such  subjects  as  are  necessary  for 
agriculture.  The  course  of  instruction  and  the  length  of  the  course  are  determined 
according  to  local  conditions,  and  conseciuently  are  not  uniform.  There  are  also  in- 
stitutions called  agricultural  institutes,  &c.,  in  which  students  are  chiefly  taught 
l>i'actical  business  and  also  a simxde  course  of  study. 

486 


EDUCATION  IN  JAPAN. 


15 


Tliere  are  two  schools  established  by  the  department  of  agriculture  and  commerce. 
One  of  them  is  called  the  Agricultural  School  of  Konniba  (so  named  because  it  is  situ- 
ated at  Komaba,  gun  of  Ibara,  Tokio-Eu),  in  which  students  are  instructed  in  the 
science  of  agriculture,  in  veterinary  science,  and  agricultural  chemistry.  The  other  is 
called  the  Agricultural  School  of  Sappoio  (so  named  because  it  is  at  Sapporo,  under 
thekcu  of  the  same  name),  in  which  students  are  taught  the  cultivation  of  laud  and 
stock  rearing. 

Commercial  schools. — Commercial  schools  are  organized  according  to  the  local  con- 
ditions of  fu  and  ken,  in  conformity  with  the  general  regulations  of  commercial  schools 
issued  by  the  minister  of  education.  According  to  the  computation  of  the  1.5th  year 
of  Meiji  (ItiS^),  there  are  four  [lublic  schools  ami  two  private  schools,  in  all  of  which 
.students  are  taught  in  such  subjects  as  are  necessary  for  commerce.  The  course  of 
iustruction  and  the  length  of  the  course  of  study  are  determined  according  to  local 
conditions,  and  are  consequently  not  uniform.  There  are  institutions  called  business 
schools,  &c.,  in  which  students  are  taught  chiefly  the  practical  business  of  commerce 
and  also  a simple  course  of  study. 

Industrial  schools. — Industrial  schools  are  also  to  be  established  according  to  the 
local  conditions  of  fu  and  ken.  Tliere  is  as  yet  no  jiublic  or  pri  vate  school  of  this  kind, 
and  students  therefore  learn  practical  business  at  the  industrial  factories. 

There  is  one  industrial  school  established  by  the  deiiartment  of  education.  It  is 
called  the  TokiO  Industrial  School.  Its  object  is  to  train  students  as  teachers  of  in- 
dustrial schools  or  as  foremen  of  laborers  or  directors  of  factories.  The  course  of  in- 
struction is  divided  into  two  classes,  viz,  chemical  technology  and  mechanical  tech- 
nology. The  length  of  each  course  of  study  is  three  years.  There  is  also  a prepara- 
tory course,  in  which  students  are  taught  mathematics,  phy.sics,  chemistry,  ilrawing, 
and  morals,  to  prepare  them  for  the  higher  course.  The  length  of  the  course  of  study 
is  one  year. 

Higher  female  schools. — Higher  female  schools  are  organized  according  to  the  local 
conditions  of  fu  and  ken.  The  object  of  these  schools  is  to  give  to  girls  who  have 
completed  the  elementary  school  course  such  higher  insti'uetion  in  the  common 
branches  of  study  as  is  suitable  for  them  and  thus  to  train  them  as  women  of  virtue. 
According  to  the  coinimtatioii  of  the  tiftcenth  year  of  Jileiji  (1882),  there  are  live 
such  public  schools.  The  course  of  instruction  comprises  morals,  composition,  writ- 
ing, arithmetic,  geography,  Japanese  history,  natural  history,  physics,  chemistry, 
drawing,  sewing,  domestic  economy,  etiquette,  music,  and  gymnastics,  and  at  the 
same  time  the  mode  of  Kindergarten  training  is  taught.  The  iength  of  the  course  of 
study  in  these  schools  is  not  to  exceed  live  years,  but  is  not  uniform. 

Miscellaneous  schools. — A great  number  of  miscellaneous  schools  are  organized  in 
dilferent  localities.  Thus  there  are  Japanese  schools  (teaching  history,  law,  litera- 
ture, and  the  pqetry  of  Japan),  Chinese  schools  (teachiiig  morals,  iiolitics,  hi.story’, 
literature,  andreadingChine.se  books),  English  schools  (feacliing  English  language 
and  reading  English  books),  French  schools  (teaching  French  language  and  reading 
French  books),  German  schools  (teaching  German  language  and  reading  German 
books),  schools  for  the  blind  and  dumb,  schools  of  boidv-keeping,  schools  of  handi- 
work for  females,  schools  of  arithmetic  (teaching  arithmetic  only),  schools  of  writing 
(teaching  rules  of  writing,  handling  pens,  &c.),  ifcc.,  of  which  the  Chinese  schools 
are  most  numerous,  the  reading  schools  stand  next,  and  then  come  schools  of  handi- 
work, writing,  and  arithmetic.  According  to  the  computation  of  the  fifleenth  year  of 
Meiji  (1882),  the  number  of  public  schools  is  88  and  lliat  of  private  schools  is  FIJI. 
The  length  of  the  course  of  study  is  different  according  to  the  organization  of  the 
schools. 

The  ranks  and  salaries  of  the  directors,  teachers,  Ac.,  of  the  several  schools  or- 
ganized by  the  various  departments  other  than  that  of  education  are  determined  by 
the  ministers  of  the  respective  departments  and  are  therefore  different  one  from 
another. 

The  ranks  and  salaries  of  the  directors  and  teachers  of  public  schools  are  deter- 
mined, subject  to  the  approval  of  the  minister  of  education,  by  the  governor  of  fu  or 
ken. 

FUNDS,  SCHOOL  L.VNDS,  AND  AIDS  TO  ADVANCEMENT. 

Textbooks. — In  all  cases  school  textbooks  are  cho.seu  with  great  care;  but  with 
respect  to  those  books  especially  concerning  general  education  the  department  of 
education  takes  the  responsibility  of  examiniug  them  and  ascertaining  wliether  they 
are  tit  for  text  books  or  not,  and  from  time  to  time  informs  the  governors  of  the  result 
of  the  examination,  which  will  assist  them  in  choosing  text  books.  Also,  with  respect 
lo  those  books-couceruing  morals,  the  dep.artment  of  education  indicates  the  general 
principles  of  compiling  them  and  requires  special  attention  in  publishing  them. 

The  books  examined  from  the  thirteenth  year  to  the  sixteenth  year  of  Meiji  (1880 
to  1883)  are  634  copies  or  1,668  volumes,  of  which  462  copies  or  1,0-14  volumes  are 

487 


16 


CIKCULAliS  OF  INFOEMATION  FOR  1885. 


those  to  1)0  used  in  olomcntary  Bcliools  aud  222  copies  or  C14  volumes  are  those  to  he 
used  ill  middle  and  normal  schools. 

Again,  the  department  of  education  compiles  and  publishes  text  hooks  to  serve  as 
moiiels  tor  authors.  In  order  to  improve  the  books  used  in  the  schools,  it  is  in- 
tended to  make  regulations  as  to  the  examination  ot  such  books  and  to  examine  them 
in  n more  precise  manner. 

Lihrnrien  and  eduvalional  museumn. — Libraries  aud  educational  museums  are  also 
organized  in  different  localities.  There  are  It)  libraries  which  are  said  to  be  in  good 
organization.  There  are  also  several  reading  room.s  wliich  are  provided  within  the 
schools,  Ac.,  for  the  use  of  teachers  and  students.  They  are  also  opened  to  the  public. 
The  object  of  educational  museums  is  to  arrange  in  order  objects  concerning  educa- 
tion and  to  provide  them  for  the  beiieiit  of  educators.  There  are  4 museum.s  which 
are  worthy  of  notice  ; but  all  otliers  are  small  rooms  of  schools,  in  which  apparatus 
for  chemistry  aud  jiliysics,  specimens  of  natural  history,  &c.,  which  are  used  in 
instruction,  are  provided.  They  are  also  shown  to  the  public. 

Thero  are  two  establishments  organized  by  the  department  of  education.  They  are 
the  Tokio  Library  and  tlie  Tokio  Educational  Bluseum. 

In  the  Tokio  Library,  all  books  useful  for  study,  without  distinction  as  to  whether 
they  are  Japanese,  Chinese,  European,  or  American,  are  collected  and  shown  to  the 
public.  Those  who  write  or  translate  or  compile  books  necessary  to  education  are  al- 
lowed to  take  any  book  out  of  the  library  by  special  permi.ssion  granted  by  the  min- 
ister of  education. 

Ill  the  Tokio  Educational  IMiiseum,  objects  necessary  to  general  education  are  col- 
lected for  the  benelit  of  persons  engaged  in  education  aud  they  are  also  shown  to  the 
public.  ‘The  objects  arranged  therein  are  all  instruments  and  apparatus  used  in 
schools,  specimens,  models  of  natural  history,  text  books,  reference  books  for  edtica- 
fors,  Ac.  This  establishment  also  provides  specimens  of  animals,  plants,  and  min- 
erals, aud  models  of  educatio  ial  instruments,  &c.,  and  supplies  them  at  cheap  prices 
to  schools  in  different  places.  It  also  encourages  the  makers  of  apparatus  to  con- 
struct several  kinds  of  apparatus  used  in  chemistry  and  physics,  aud  introduces  them 
to  schools  in  different  localitie.s,  which  desire  to  buy  them.  The  progress  of  education 
is  insui’ed  in  this  way. 

The  regulations  aud  rules  as  to  the  course  of  instruction  of  every  school  above 
stated,  Kiii'iergarteu,  libraries,  and  educational  museums  which  .are  organized  by 
the  departments,  are  determined,  resiiectively,  by  the  ministers  of  those  departments; 
but  any  thing  which  is  very  important  is  subject  to  the  approval  of  the  jiriine  min- 
ister. The  regulations  aud  rules  of  schools  orgauizeil  by  fu  and  ken  are  determined 
by  (he  governors,  subject  to  the  aiiproval  of  the  minister  of  education,  and  those  of 
schools  established  by  wards  or  villages  are  determined  by  the  school  committees, 
subject  to  the  ap[)roval  of  the  governors.  Those  of  private  schools  established  by 
one  or  several  persons  are  determined  by  the  persons  or  person  who  organized  them, 
but  are  subject  to  the  approval  of  the  governors. 

Students  sent  ahnoad. — lilany  hundreds  of  students  have  at  different  times  h^^en  sent 
abroad,  some  of  them  after  having  completed  their  course  of  study  iu  the  schools  estab- 
lished by  the  several  departments  or  i)y  fu  and  ken  ; others  were  sent  by  the  former 
feudal  lords.  Since  the  eighth  year  of  ^leiji  (187.3)  50  studeuts  have  been  sentabroad 
by  the  department  of  education,  of  whom  24  have  already  returned,  having  tiuished 
their  study,  and  4 came  back  on  account  of  illness,  without  completing  their  study. 
Some  students  received  diplomas  at  the  vni versifies  abroad  aud  others  received  re- 
wards on  account  of  successful  examinations. 

The  number  of  students  abroad  is  at  present  22,  of  whom  17  are  iu  Germany,  1 
in  Austria,  2 in  England,  1 in  France,  aud  1 in  America.  All  of  them  are  graduates 
of  Tokio  Daigaku,  who  were  specially  selected  by  the  minister  of  education  to  pursue 
their  studies  more  thoroughly. 

Educational  conventions. — In  certain  cases  an  lalucational  convention  is  held  for  the 
ymrpose  of  imjuiring  into  and  iuvesti gating  educational  matters.  Thus  the  minister 
of  education  on  certain  occasions  calls  together  the  heads  of  educ.ational  .sections 
(officers  under  the  governor)  of  fu  and  ken  and  the  dii'cctors  of  schools  established 
by  fu  and  ken,  &o.,  and  imjuires  into  the  condition  of  education  in  their  respective 
localities  or  i)oints  out  to  them  general  priucii>les  of  education.  The  governors  also 
hold  iu  some  cases  a conference  of  officers  in  charge  of  education,  the  directors  aud 
teachers  of  schools,  Ac.,  under  their  jurisdiction,  who  discuss  questions  concerning 
education.  Sometimes  a united  conference  of  several  fu  and  keii  is  held  for  the  same 
purpose.  Again  iu  different  [)laces  assemblies  of  officers  of  wards  or  villages,  school 
committees,  directors,  aud  teachers  of  schools,  Ac.,  are  frequently  held  to  consider 
the  business  of  education  or  to  consult  about  school  management,  the  mode  of  in- 
struction, Ac. 

Encourarjcnient  of  education. — For  the  encouragement  of  local  education,  the  minister 
of  education  gives  books  and  instruments  to  othcers  engaged  in  education  who  have 
y)erformed  syiecial  services,  to  students  or  yuiyiils  of  botli  public  and  private  schools 

488 


EDUCATION  IN  JAPAN. 


17 


who  have  beeu  specially  deserving,  aud  to  both  public  aud  private  schools,  Kinder- 
garten, libraries,  educational  museums,  »fec.,  which  are  considered  to  be  of  special 
benefit  to  the  public.  In  difi'erent  places  rewards  are  given  at  the  time  of  examina- 
tion to  students  who  pass  the  examination  successfully. 

Educational  funds. — The  funds  of  the  schools,  &c.,  established  by  the  different  de- 
partments are  supplied  from  the  national  exchequer,  aud  consequently  out  of  the 
appropriation  money  of  the  respective  departments.  The  funds  of  schools,  &c.,  estab- 
lished by  fu  and  ken  are  supplied  from  the  local  taxes  paid  by  the  people  of  the  re- 
spective fu  aud  ken.  In  some  cases  the  money  contributed  and  the  fees  of  instruction 
are  added  to  the  local  tax  to  make  up  the  fund,  or  sometimes  a part  of  it  is  supplied 
from  the  national  exchequer.  The  funds  of  schools,  &c.,  established  by  wards  or 
villages  are  supplied  from  the  public  funds  of  wards  or  villages;  also,  sums  of  money 
contributed  and  the  fees  of  instruction  or  money  realized  from  school  land  are  added 
to  the  fund.  Private  schools  are  maintained  by  the  fees  of  instruction  or  by  the 
private  money  of  one  or  several  persons. 

School  lands. — The  grounds  occupied  by  institutions  which  are  organized  by  the 
different  departments  are  in  every  case  government  lauds.  The  grounds  occupied  by 
institutions  established  by  fu  or  ken  are  in  most  cases  also  government  lauds ; but, 
in  a few  cases,  land  jointly  owned  by  the  people  is  added  to  the  government  laud. 
The  grounds  occupied  by  institutions  organized  by  the  wards  or  villages  are  jointly 
owned  by  the  people  or  are  sometimes  the  property  of  private  individuals. 

When  wards  or  villages  establish  at  the  public  expense  any  school,  such  as  ele- 
mentary schools,  middle  schools,  professional  schools,  agricultural  schools,  commer- 
cial schools,  industrial  schools,  government  land  not  in  use,  if  there  is  any  in  such 
place,  is  granted  on  the  request  of  the  people  of  that  locality  without  any  payment, 
in  the  following  proportion,  viz,  500  tsubo  (1  tsubo  is  about  36  square  feet)  for  each 
elementary  school  and  1,000  tsubo  for  any  other  school.  The  land  actually  occupied  by 
the  schools  is  exempted  from  taxation.  Again,  the  land  possessed  by  all  public  agri- 
cultural schools  and  provided  for  practical  or  experimental  use  is  exempted  from  tax- 
ation in  the  proportion  of  5 cho  (3,000  tsubo)  per  school,  and  when  government  land 
is  required  to  provide  farms  for  practical  or  experimental  use,  land  not  exceeding  5 
cho  is  granted  for  such  use  without  any  payment  of  rent. 

ADDENDUM. 

Tokio  Commercial  School. — In  the  mouth  of  March  of  the  17th  year  of  Meiji  (1884)  the 
public  commercial  institution,  which  belonged  to  the  fu  of  Tokio,  was  transferred 
to  the  department  of  agriculture  and  commerce,  under  the  name  of  the  Tokio  Com- 
mercial School.  This  school  is  designed  to  give  instruction  in  such  various  branches 
of  study  as  are  deemed  necessary  for  commerce. 

School  for  iht  nobility. — In  the  month  of  April,  the  Gakushihin  (Nobles’  School)  was 
transferred  to  the  imperial  household  department,  and,  although  this  school  was  orig- 
inally established  by  the  kuazogu  (nobles)  and  managed  by  them  under  the  superin- 
tendence of  the  minister  of  education,  the  imperial  decree  has  placed  it  under  the 
direct  control  of  the  same  department.  This  school  is  designed  to  instruct,  chiefly, 
the  children  of  the  kuazoku  (princes,  marquises,  counts,  viscounts,  and  barons)  in 
such  branches  of  instruction  as  are  most  suitable  for  developing  their  intellectual 
faculties  (in  some  cases  the  children  of  shizoku  and  heimiu  may  also  be  admitted  into 
this  school);  and  the  school  is  divided  into  the  male  and  female  courses.  The  male 
course  is  subdivided  into  the  elementary,  middle,  and  special  courses. 

The  elementary  course  includes  the  lower  and  higher  grades,  and  the  former  is 
designed  to  instruct  pupils  not  less  than  6 years  of  age  in  such  subjects  as  morals, 
reading,  composition,  writing,  arithmetic,  object  teaching,  singing,  aud  the  easy  part 
of  gymnastics,  the  length  of  the  course  extending  over  3 years ; and  the  latter, 
to  lustruct  pupils  not  less  than  9 years  of  age  in  the  elements  of  drawing,  geog- 
raphy, history,  physics,  and  gymnastics,  in  addition  to  the  continuation  of  the  sub- 
jects of  the  lower  grade.  In  the  subject  of  reading,  it  is  specially  required  that  one 
foreign  language  shall  also  be  taught.  The  length  of  the  course  extends  over  3 years, 
making  the  total  course  6 years. 

The  middle  school  course  is  divided  into  three  grades,  viz,  the  lower,  intermediate, 
and  higher  grades,  aud  the  subjects  of  study  include  moral,  literary,  and  military 
exercises.  The  lower  grade  is  designed  to  instruct  students  not  less  than  12  years  of 
age.  The  literary  branch  includes  reading  (Japanese  aud  Chinese),  composition, 
mathematics,  geography,  history,  biology,  and  drawing;  aud  the  military  branch, 
gymnastics,  manoeuvres,  swimming,  the  length  of  the  course  extending  over  3 years. 
The  intermediate  grade  is  designed  to  instruct  students  not  loss  than  15  years  of  age. 
The  literary  branch  includes  (in  addition  to  the  continuation  of  the  subjects  of  the 
lower  grade)  physics,  chemistry,  biology  (zoology  and  Ijotany),  and  mineralogy,  and 

489 


4768— No.  4 2 


18 


CIRCULARS  OF  INFORMATION  FOR  1885. 


the  military  branch  includes  (in  addition  to  the  continuation  of  tho  subjects  of  the 
lower  grade)  ride  exercise,  fencing,  and  riding,  the  length  of  the  course  extending 
over  3 years.  The  higher  grade  is  designed  to  instruct  students  not  less  than  Id 
years  of  age.  The  literary  branch  includes  (in  addition  to  reading,  comxtosition,  and 
mathematics)  the  general  principles  of  history,  political  economy,  law,  politics,  and 
philo.sophy ; the  length  of  the  course  extends  over  3 years,  making  9 years  for  the 
completion  of  the  three  grades. 

The  special  course  is  establi.siied  for  such  students  as  are  not  less  than  20  years  of 
age  and  possess  attainments  equivalent  to  those  of  the  graduates  of  the  middle 
school  course  of  this  school,  to  further  their  study  in  sueh  higher  subjects  of  this 
course  as  politics,  law,  ])olitical  economy,  philosophy,  &c.  Although  the  length  of 
the  course  is  not  fixed,  yet  it  shall  neither  be  shorter  than  3 nor  longer  than  10  years. 

The  female  course  is  as  yet  unsettled. 

Chani/es  at  the  iiiiirersitji. — In  the  mouth  of  April  of  the  same  year  the  name  of  the 
“Principal  and  Branch  Schools”  of  the  Preparatory  Department  of  the  TokiS  Uni- 
versity was  abolished,  alterations  were  made  in  the  regulations  as  to  the  course  of 
instruction,  and  tho  length  of  the  course  was  made  to  extend  over  4 years;  and  stu- 
dents who  desire  to  bo  admitted  to  the  departments  of  law,  science,  medicine,  or  lit- 
ei  atnre  are  made  to  ])ursne  tho  same  preparatory  course  of  study. 

1 n 1 lie  month  of  ^lay  of  the  same  year  a course  of  naval  architecture  was  organized 
within  tho  department  of  science  of  the  TOkio  University.  This  is  designed  to  pre- 
[lare  .students  as  naval  engineers,  who  shall  be  employed  in  naval  architecture  and  in 
tiie  construction  of  marine  engines.  Tho  subjects  of  study  to  be  pursued  are  mathe- 
matics, physics,  dynamics,  naval  architecture  (both  theoretical  and  practical),  kine- 
matics and  mechanism,  steam  engines,  strength  of  materials  and  structures,  thermo- 
dynamics, hand  and  machine  tools,  marine  engines,  naval  ordnance,  drawing,  work- 
ing drawing,  metallurgy  of  iron,  French  (taught  only  for  the  present),  practical  exer- 
cises, and  designs  of  hulls  and  engines.  The  length  of  the  course  extends  over  4 
years,  and  during  the  first  year  the  students  are  taught  according  to  the  first  year 
ju’ogram  of  the  department  of  science. 

Hujher  commercial  school  at  Tokid. — In  the  month  of  June  of  the  same  year  the  course 
of  instruction  of  tho  higher  commercial  school,  attached  to  the  Tokio  Foreign  lianguage 
School,  was  framed.  The  subjects  of  study  are  as  follows:  morals,  Japanese  and 
Chinese  literature,  commercial  correspondence,  commercial  arithmetic,  book-keeping, 
algebra,  geometry,  physics,  chemistry,  commercial  geography,  writing,  drawing,  com- 
mercial economy,  commercial  history,  commercial  law,  commercial  practice,  and  a 
foreign  language,  (English,  French,  German,  Russian,  Chinese,  or  Corean).  The 
length  of  tho  course  extends  over  4 years. 

Lectures  at  the  Tokio  Educational  Museum. — In  the  same  month  of  the  same  year,  an 
institute  of  scientific  lectures  was  organized  within  the  Tokio  Educational  Museum, 
tho  object  of  which  is  to  provide  a course  of  lectures  for  those  who  arc  connected  with 
and  most  interested  in  educational  atfairs,  on  such  topics  as  are  necessary  for  educa- 
tion and  as  may  help  to  develop  the  intellectual  faculties.  The  lectures  are  given  by 
tho  gagushi  (graduates  of  the  university)  and  are  illustrated  by  means  of  various  in- 
struments, specimens,  »fcc.,  which  are  arranged  in  the  museum ; and  those  who  are  per- 
mitted to  attend  such  lectures  are  for  the  present  teachers  and  instructors  of  element- 
ary, middle,  and  normal  schools  or  those  wdio  are  otherwise  connected  with  educational 
aflairs.  This  institute  was  established  to  promote  the  further  improvement  of  the 
methods  of  instruction,  for  in  many  elementary  schools,  &c.,  of  various  localities,  ex- 
planations are,  owing  to  tho  total  absence  of  necessary  apparatus  and  specimens,  only 
made  from  books,  or,  as  in  some  schools,  the  apparatus  and  specimens  are  not  sutficient 
for  the  explanations  needed. 

Licensing  of  middle  and  normal  school  instructors. — In  the  mouth  of  August  of  the  same 
year,  tho  regulations  concerning  tho  license  of  middle  and  normal  school  instructor.s 
were  framed,  so  that  those  who  are  entitled  to  receive  appointments  as  instructors  in 
such^schools  must  pos.sess  the  diplomas  of  the  middle  normal  school  course  or  of  tho 
university  course,  or  they  must  obtain  such  license  after  examinations  made  l)y  the 
department  of  education  into  their  conduct  and  attainments.  Tho  subjects  of  these 
examinations  are  morals,  Japaue.se  and  Chinese  literature,  English,  French,  German, 
arithmetic,  algebra,  geometry,  trigonometry,  analytical  geometry,  mechanics,  survey- 
ing, astronomy,  )ihysiology,  zoology,  botany,  mineralogy,  geology,  physics,  chemistry, 
geography,  history,  political  economy,  Japanese  law,  mental  .science,  logic,  science  of 
education,  writing,  drawing,  boolc-keepiug,  singing,  gymnastics,  agriculture,  industry, 
and  commerce.  Candidates  shall  be  exam  iued  on  one  or  more  of  these  subjects  according 
to  their  choice,  the  methods  of  instruction  being  at  the  same  time  examined  on  ; and 
the  license  for  one  or  more  of  these  subjects  thus  examined  shall  be  given  them.  But 
those  who  ai-o  eminent  in  learning,  commanding  the  respect  of  others  and  having  suf- 
ficient ability  to  give  moral  instruction,  or  those  who,  having  been  engaged  ns  instruct- 
ors for  a long  \reriod  or  possessing  diplomas  on  a certain  subject  or  subjects,  are  well 
qualified  as  instructors  on  such  subject  or  subjects,  or  those  who,  being  preeminent 

490 


EDUCATION  IN  JAPAN. 


19 


in  agriculture,  industry,  commerce,  or  some  other  subjects,  are  well  qualified  as  in- 
structors in  such  subject  or  subjects,  may  be  appointed  instructors  without  examina- 
tion. 

Learned  societies. — Many  learned  persons  in  T5ki6  have  organized  themselves  into 
societies  for  the  purpose  of  scientific  investigations,  and  in  the  provinces  there  are  also 
individuals  who  are  occupied  in  similar  pursuits  and  iu  the  discussion  of  educational 
matters;  and  the  proceedings  of  most  of  the  societies  thus  associated  are  published 
and  distributed  among  their  members  or  elsewhere.  The  following  are  the  principal 
societies : 

(1)  Dai-Nippon-Kioiku-Kwai  (Educational  Society  of  Japan).  The  object  of  this  so- 
ciety is  to  encourage,  improve,  and  advance  education.  It  also  assists  the  educational 
administration  and  inquires  into  sciences  and  arts  and  educational  matters  in  gen- 
eral. 

(2)  T6ki5-Fu-Ki0iku-Dan-Kwai  (Tokio-Fu  Educatioual  Society); 

(J)  Chiba  Ken-Kioiku-Kwai  (Chiba-Ken  Educational  Society); 

(4)  Saitama-Ken-Shiritsu  Kioiku-Kwai  (Saitama-Ken  Private  Educational  So- 
ciety); 

(5)  Niigata- Ken-Kioiku-Gikwai  (Niigata-Ken  Educational  Society). 

The  object  of  the  above  societies  (2-5)  is  Ihe  improvement  of  education  and  of  the 
methods  of  instruction  in  their  respective  localities. 

(6)  Djishin-Gaku-Kwai  (Seismological  Society).  The  object  of  this  society  is  to 
investigate  the  phenomena  of  earthquakes  and  volcanoes. 

(7)  SeukO-Gakusha  (Society  of  Specialities).  The  object  of  this  society  is  to  study 
aud  inquire  into  various  special  branches  of  science. 

(8)  Butsuri-Gakkwai  (Society  of  Physics).  This  society  has  in  view  the  exclusive 
study  of  the  higher  course  of  physics. 

(9)  Tokio  Sangaku-Kwaisha  (Tokio  Mathematical  Society).  The  object  of  this 
society  is  to  discuss  the  theory  of  higher  mathematics  and  to  translate  and  compile 
works  on  mathematics. 

(10)  T6ki6-Futsubun-Kwai  (Tokio  French  Language  Society).  This  society  is 
composed  of  French  scholars,  both  Japanese  aud  foreign,  iu  order  to  promote  sciences 
and  arts  and  to  encourage  the  study  of  the  French  language  by  the  interch.ange  of 
knowledge  among  the  members. 

(11)  Tokio-Seibutsu-Gakkwai  (TSkio  Biological  Society).  The  object  of  this  society 
is  to  study  biology  in  general. 

(12)  Bigaku-KiOkwai  (Society  of  Physics).  This  society  is  composed  of  profes- 
sional scholars  for  the  purpose  of  inquiring  into  the  principles  and  of  interchanging 
knowledge  among  the  members. 

(13)  Nippon-KbdSkwai  (Japanese  Society  of  Moral  Science).  The  object  of  this 
society  is  to  interpret  the  principles  of  morality  and  virtue  by  encouraging  moral 
science. 

(14)  Butsurigaku-Yakujikwai  (Society  of  Translating  Technical  Terms  of  Physics). 
This  society  aims  at  establishing  a regular  terminology  for  phy.sics. 

(15)  Doitsugaku-Kiokwai  (German  Language  Society).-  The  object  of  this  society 
is  to  study  laws,  politics,  aud  other  sciences  by  encouraging  the  German  language. 

(IG)  Tetsugaku-Kwai  (Philosophical  Society).  The  object  of  this  society  is  to 
study  the  philosophy  of  Europe  and  Asia. 

(17)  Hogaku-Kiokwai  (Law'  Society).  The  object  of  this  society  is  to  study  law. 

(18)  Tokio-Kwagakukwai  and  Yakugokwai  (Chemical  Society).  The  object  of 
this  society  is  to  study  chemistry  and  at  the  same  time  to  establish  a regular  termi- 
nology for  the  science. 

(19)  Kogaku-Kwai  (Engineering  Society).  This  society  aims  at  studying  any  mat- 
ters concerning  engineering. 

(20)  Bungaku-Kwai  (Society  of  Letters).  The  object  of  this  society  is  to  inquire 
into  politics,  political  economy,  philosophy,  and  all  the  branches  of  Japanese  aud 
Chinese  literature. 

(21)  Kanano-Kwai  (Society  of  Japanese  Literature).  The  object  of  this  society  is 
to  study  the  etymology  and  syntax  of  the  Japanese  language,  and  also  to  teach  how 
to  construct  common  sentences  with  the  Japanese  characters  i-ro-ha. 

(22)  Ri-i-gaku-K6dankwai  (Society  of  Physics  aud  Medicine).  The  object  of  this 
society  is  to  teach  the  principles  of  physics  and  medicine,  and  to  diftiise  such  general 
knowledge  among  the  public. 

(23)  Indo-tetsugaku-inmiogaku-Kogikwai  (Society  of  Hindoo  Philosophy,  and  In- 
miogaku,  a kind  of  philosophy).  The  object  of  this  society  is  to  study  Hindoo  philos- 
ophy and  the  Inmiogaku. 

(24)  Dai-nippon-Shiritsu-Yeiseikwai  (Japanese  Private  Society  of  Hygiene).  The 
object  of  this  society  is  to  to  interpret  the  laws  of  ijublic  health  and  to  diffuse  a gen- 
eral knowledge  of  sanitary  matters. 

(25)  T6ki6-igaku-kwai  (TokiO  Medical  Society).  This  society  aims  at  the  study  of 
medicine. 


491 


20 


CIRCULARS  OF  INFORMATION  FOR  1885. 


(26)  Dai-oippoii-yakulio-Kwai  (Society  of  Pharmacy).  The  object  of  this  society  is 
to  diffuse  knowledge  couceruiug  pharmacy,  and  to  improve  the  pharmaceutical  pro- 
fession. 

(27)  Shibuugaku-Kwai  (Literary  Society).  The  object  of  this  society  is  to  interpret 
the  moral  principles.  It  aims  also  to  encourage  good  customs,  to  promote  literature, 
to  educate  youth,  to  diffuse  knowledge,  and  to  cultivate  moral  nature. 

(28)  Dai-nippon-nokwai  (Agricultural  Society  of  .lapan).  The  object  of  this  So- 
ciety is  to  discuss  agriculture  in  Japan,  and  besides  to  improve  and  advance  agricul- 
ture. 

(29)  Riftchi-Kwai  (Society  of  Fine  Arts).  The  object  of  this  society  is  inquire  into 
all  the  tine  arts  aud  improve  and  advance  the  Japanese  fine  arts,  and  at  the  same 
time  to  preserve  specimens  of  the  art. 

(JO)  Dai-nippon-seisan-kwai  (Japanese  Marine  Product  Society).  The  object  of  this 
society  is  to  inquire  into  marine  products  in  general,  aud,  by  an  interchange  of  knowl- 
edge among  the  members,  into  the  means  of  multiplying  and  improving  them. 

492 


EDUCATION  IN  JAPAN. 


21 


Paet  II.— statistics. 


Table  I. — Showing  ihe  amount  of  educational  expenses  {among  the  city-district,  ward,  or 
village  rates)  decided  by  the  assemblies  for  the  fifteenth  year  of  Meiji  (1882). 

Note. — This  table  is  a rough  calculation  of  the  educational  expenses  of  the  city-district,  ward,  or 
village  rates  for  the  15th  year  of  Meiji  (1582),  according  to  the  reports  from  the  various  fu  and  ken. 

Only  such  city-districts,  wards,  and  villages  are  mentioned  in  too  table  as  pay  educational  expensps, 
but  in  the  four  ken  of  Chiba,  Shimane,  Kochi,  and  Kagoshima  there  are  some  city -districts,  wards, 
and  villages  where  the  rates  for  educational  expenses  are  not  levied,  such  expenses  being  disbursed 
from  the  interest  on  funds,  &c. ; while  in  some  wards  and  villages  of  the  two  ken  of  Okayama  and 
Sapporo,  no  educational  expenses  are  required,  owing  to  the  fact  that  the  population  is  too  scattered 
to  establish  any  school ; and  also  in  the  islands  of  Ogasawara,  under  the  fu  of  Tokio,  educational  ex- 
penses are  paid  out  of  the  Treasury,  and  rates  are  not,  therefore,  levied  on  the  people  of  the  city-dis- 
tricts, wards,  and  villages  of  the  fu. 

From  the  two  ken  of  Miyagi  and  Yamanashi  no  reports  have  been  received ; and  these  ken  are, 
consequently,  here  omitted.  No  report  relating  to  the  total  amount  of  the  city-district,  ward,  or  village 
rates  was  received  from  the  ken  of  Iwate.  The  seven  isles  of  Idzu.and  the  three  gun  of  Cshima, 
Gomu,  and  Komage,  in  the  ken  of  Kagoshima,  are  here  omilted,  owing  to  the  .absence  of  the  necessary 
reports,  and  as  to  the  gun  of  Mishima,  in  the  ken  of  Tamaguchi,  the  educational  expenses  for  the  14tli 
year  of  Meiji  (1881)  are  here  mentioned. 

The  number  of  those  wards  and  villages  where  as.semblies  are  not  yet  established,  and  the  amount, 
of  the  educational  expenses  of  such  wards  and  villages,  are  placed  together  in  this  table. 

The  population  of  each  fu  and  ken  is  corrected  to  the  31st  of  January  of  the  151  h year  of  Meiji  (1882). 


Name  of  fu 
or  ken. 


Tokio 

K ioto 

Osaka 

Kau.agawa. 
Jliuga  ...... 

Nagasaki. . 


Niigata 

Hakodate. . . 

Saitama 

Chiba 

11)  Iraki 

Gumba 

Tochigi 

Miy.-  ' 

Aichi 

Shidzuoka  . 
Yamanashi  . 

Shiga 

Gifu 

Nag.ino 

Miyagi 

Fukushima. 

1 wate 

Aomori 

Yamagata  . . 

Akita 

Fiikui 

l.shikawa  . . . 

Toyama 

Tottori 

Shimane  . . . 
Okat  ama  . . . 
Hiroshima . . 
Yamaguchi . 
Wakayama . 
Tokushima  . 

Yehime 

Kochi 

Fukuoka  ... 

Oita 

Kumamoto. . 
Kagoshima . 
Miyazaki... 

Okinawa 

Sapporo  

Nemuro 


Population. 

No.  of  city- 
districts, 
wards,  and 
villages. 

Educational 

expenses. 

population. 

Percentage  of 
etlucatio^ial 
expenses  to 
the  various 
expenses. 

*ye7i  8.  r. 

s.  r. 

yen  8.  r. 

1, 159, 338 

370 

121,245.  716 

105 

200. 094. 196 

.58.8 

839, 002 

1,609 

280,  344.  778 

334 

595,  003.  352 

47. 1 

1, 585,  C95 

3,740 

404,  631.051 

255 

1,238,  208. 770 

32.7 

81.5,018 

1,270 

205,  384.  085 

252 

451,  6.52.  028 

45.5 

1, 428,  085 

3,  370 

303,  313.  929 

212 

929.  9(1l.  554 

32.0 

1 1, 208,  980 

f 365 

94, 151.  529 

1 165 

( 173,347.623 

54.  3 

) 592 

105,  653.  080 

) 2.58,  .570.  364 

40.  9 

1,  566,  200 

4.  398 

231,  750.  043 

148 

800,  895.  007 

28.9 

133,  .576 

019 

38,  31.5.  5.39 

283 

02,912.  849 

60.  9 

966,  302 

1,915 

186,  047.  231 

193 

572,  372.516 

32.  5 

1,102,  602 

1,  555 

39,501.481 

036 

187, 202.  204 

21.  1 

904, 137 

2,  175 

113,  100.  287 

125 

291,  179.  542 

38.9 

612,  333 

1,219 

199,  029.  944 

325 

421,669.  377 

47.2 

607, 176 

1,258 

137, 187.  6 ;0 

226 

212,  850.  898 

64.  5 

806,  918 

1,822 

216,  343.  039 

250 

524,  .572.  901 

41.2 

1,  335, 896 

2, 170 

178,  709.  968 

132 

602, 322.  258 

29.7 

975,  319 
411,287 
633,  001 

2, 015 

192,  536.  779 

197 

639,  839.  584 

30.1 

1,685 

223,  094.  917 

351 

460, 183. 389 

48.5 

856,  904 

1,  371 

159,  042.  294 

186 

701,357  435 

22.7 

1, 040, 276 

886 

431,  036.  490 

414 

940, 441.533 

45.8 

634,  562 

835, 457 

1,  779 

186, 191.443 

223 

494,  591.  988 

37.6 

611,759 

642 

109,  878.  838 
101,  009.  896 

]80 

488, 498 

933 

207 

2.36,  832.794 

42.7 

683, 204 

1,470 

152,  322.  435 

223 

400,  391.438 

32.7 

610, 795 

1,400 

154,  223.713 

250 

352,  290.  028 

43.8 

581, 294 

1,982 

104, 805. 207 

180 

363, 857. 078 

28.8 

1 1,  428,  601 

< 1, 929 

171,326.810 

1 198 

5 ,529,  329. 287 

32.4 

) 2, 737 

no,  9.33.163 

J 506,  (145.  783 

19.  0 

379,  718 

1,209 

57,  422.  039 

151 

148, 132. 027 

38.  8 

674,  580 

998 

114,  590.  331 

170 

273,  090. 875 

41.9 

1, 029,  526 

1,815 

185,  438. 581 

180 

568,  160.508 

32.0 

1, 245, 073 

1,048 

139, 912.  640 

112 

388,  782. 466 

36.0 

891,  803 

704 

126, 054.  561 

141 

244,  200.  515 

.51.0 

608, 802 

1, 645 

77, 109. 309 

127 

325, 433.  016 

2.3.7 

651, 249 

648 

104, 374. 219 

100 

284, 909.  663 

36.6 

1, 492, 208 

1, 579 

163,  232. 134 

109 

591,232.1.55 

27.6 

559, 542 

974 

83, 380. 794 

149 

302,405  732 

27.0 

1, 121,435 

1,881 

244, 586. 822 

218 

684,  582.  066 

.35.7 

748, 396 

1,209 

99, 321. 233 

133 

418, 466.  458 

23.7 

972, 469 

1, 420 

109,  537. 797 

113 

304, 141.  610 

36.0 

1 1, 271, 176 

( 524 

73, 740. 494 

1 071 

( 161,643.904 

45. 6 

I 393 

15, 912. 252 

1 104,593.635 

9.7 

351, 273 

494 

15,  258. 906 

043 

103, 366. 695 

14.8 

82, 041 

188 

29,  173.475 

353 

57,  546.  672 

50.7 

11, 196 

50 

1, 533. 421 

137 

2,  269.  107 

67.6 

37, 041, 368 

63, 726 

6, 591, 878. 123 

178 

18, 303, 061. 480 

.36.0 

* T6n=85.8  cents ; the  sen  and  the  rln  are  respectiyely  the  100th  and  the  1000th  of  a yen. 

493 


CIECULAE8  OF  INFORMATION  FOR  1886. 


Table  II. — Paet  1. — Showing  school  population  and 


Name 

of 

fu  or  ken. 

Population. 

School  population. 

Children  of  school 
are  receiving 
scribed  course 
tion. 

M.ale. 

Female. 

Total. 

Male. 

Female. 

i Total. 

Male. 

Female. 

TOkio 

643,  624 

592,  207 

1,  235,  831 

80,  006 

76,  800 

156,  860 

34,213 

27,  399 

Kioto 

423,  793 

424,  558 

848,  351 

69,  672 

65,  972 

135,  044 

45,  634 

28, 155 

Osaka  .■ 

787.  199 

783,914 

1,  571, 113 

131,  740 

122,  3.59 

254, 105 

91,037 

62,  792 

Kansigawa  

416.  605 

400,  863 

823,  468 

64, 144 

60,  088 

125, 132 

40,  426 

22,  586 

Hiogo 

737,  827 

700,  252 

1,  444,  079 

122,  286 

111,304 

233,  590 

76,  260 

39,  452 

Nagasaki 

351,826 

333,  135 

704,  961 

54,  203 

51,028 

105,  231 

28,215 

6,  820 

Nirgafa 

789,  079 

791, 120 

1,  580,  199 

130,  915 

127,  090 

258,  005 

85,  248 

25,  744 

Hakodate 

71,470 

07,015 

138,  485 

11,288 

10,  512 

21,  800 

6,  274 

2, 140 

Saitama  

487,  077 

492,  700 

979,  777 

82, 101 

78,  951 

161,052 

56,  718 

24,  795 

Chiba 

5G.t,  135 

554,  301 

1,  117,436 

85,  492 

75,  929 

161,421 

50,  763 

]8,9'7 

Ibaraki 

467,  563 

458,  5(57 

926,  130 

73,  753 

0.5,  222 

138,  975 

46,  722 

14, 451 

Gi!.mba  

315,  329 

310,  172 

031,  501 

50,  641 

46,412 

97,  053 

40,912 

25,  676 

Tochigi 

312,  307 

308,  883 

- 021,190 

55,  370 

50,  269 

105,  039 

3"<,  982 

16,  889 

Itiie  

439,  930 

439,  257 

879,  187 

72,  900 

69,813 

142,  713 

55,  38 1 

35,  957 

Aichi 

683,  109 

688,  087 

1,  371, 198 

104,817 

90,  572 

201,  389 

81,  196 

48,  307 

Shidziioka 

487,  645 

483,  246 

970,  891 

77,  945 

73,  .591 

151,  .536 

.59,  194 

33, 337 

Yamanasbi 

208, 135 

209,  214 

417,  349 

34,  586 

31,377 

6.5,  9G3 

26,  992 

11,474 

Shiga 

318,  685 

325,014 

643,  609 

53,  095 

50,  122 

103,217 

40,  757 

28,  369 

Oifii  

446,211 

429,  965 

876,  176 

7.1,  634 

09,  019 

142,  653 

58,  ISO 

37,  265 

Na'j:ano 

524,  603 

516,  284 

1,  040,  880 

81,718 

71,456 

153,  174 

70,  542 

38,  996 

Miyaci 

328,  498 

309,  439 

637,  937 

55,  270 

49,  669 

104,948 

41,480 

10,  989 

h’likushima 

430,  461 

419,  267 

8.5.5,  728 

72,423 

07, 131 

139,  5.54 

52,  266 

17,  670 

Iwate  

319,241 

300,  455 

619,  696 

46, 492 

39,  033 

86.  42.5 

35,  803 

13,  621 

Aomori 

255,  250 

241,  0,30 

490,  280 

44,  704 

41, 180 

85.  884 

26,  861 

4,  994 

Tamagata 

352,  696 

342,  305 

095,  001 

59,  919 

53,  505 

11.3,484 

41,468 

10,  732 

3-J8  P26 

209  464 

6*^8  200 

56.  067 

48  109 

101  ‘^66 

34  308 

7 733 

Fiikni 

.291,  9.54 

293.  800 

585,  754 

48,  995 

45,  535 

94^  530 

36,  791 

16,  704 

Ishikawa 

372,  908 

373,  734 

746,  642 

63,  988 

60,  287 

124,  275 

4«,  100 

2.5,  018 

Toyama 

355,  025 

343,  421 

099,  046 

60,  335 

63,  866 

133,  201 

48,  780 

22,  771 

Tottori 

196.  051 

187,  320 

383,  371 

28,  619 

24,  959 

53,  578 

19,  20(1 

5,  394 

Shimane 

348,  202 

331,  948 

680,  150 

52, 408 

49,  488 

101,890 

38,  947 

18,  080 

Okayama 

542,  775 

490,  027 

1,  038,  802 

85, 438 

7(3, 153 

101,591 

61,892 

35, 100 

Hiroshima 

640,  371 

011,485 

1,  251,  8.50 

103,  352 

95,  203 

188,  645 

75,  060 

40,  392 

Yamagnchi 

461,507 

442,  236 

903,  743 

72,  738 

70,  301 

143,  039 

47,  373 

20,  210 

Wakayama 

307,  738 

302,  001 

609,  739 

53,  090 

50,  749 

104,439 

34,  057 

13,  059 

Tokushima 

328, 120 

319,  615 

647,  735 

53,  352 

49,  688 

103,  040 

37,  033 

13,  149 

Yi'hime 

771.  091 

738,  205 

1,  509,  206 

12.5,  389 

117.  490 

242,  879 

75,  897 

34,  122 

Kochi 

288,  140 

258, 724 

546,  804 

46, 179 

41,053 

87,  832 

29,017 

16,2.34 

Fukuoka  

572,  597 

565, 489 

1,  138,  086 

9.5,  129 

91,  302 

186,  491 

57,  031 

17,  965 

Oita  

380,  273 

372,  414 

752,  687 

60,  555 

56,  629 

117, 184 

43,  410 

21,106 

Saga 

204,  639 

252,  761 

517,  400 

42,  347 

37,  548 

79,  895 

27,  909 

9, 127 

Kiiiiiamoto 

499,  222 

500,  408 

999,  630 

81,  616 

77, 171 

158,  807 

55.  484 

26.  0.34 

Miyazaki  

190,  600 

185,  771 

382,  431 

30,  284 

28,  583 

58,  8C7 

IS,  094 

5,968 

Kagoshima 

461,  038 

455,  352 

ok;,  990 

85,  2.59 

81.365 

166,  624 

42,  370 

6, 159 

Okinawa 

182,  697 

182,  030 

364,  727 

36,  567 

35,  391 

71,058 

2,  044 

8 

Sapporo 

50,  108 

46,  465 

105,  573 

6,  031 

5,  055 

12,  286 

3,407 

1,  300 

Nemuro 

7,  250 

5,  041 

12,  201 

o:u 

590 

1.  224 

294 

206 

Total 

19,  024,  689 

18,  522,  901 

37,  517,  650 

3,  087,  781 

2,  804,219 

5, 952, 000 

2,  073,  648 

963, 622 

494 


EDUCATION  IN  JAPAN. 


23 


attendance  for  the  sixteenth  year  of  Aleiji  (1883). 


a£;e  who 
the  pre- 
ofinstiiic- 

1 

. Children  of  school  age  who 
are  not  receiving  the  pre- 
.scribed  course  of  iustrnc- 
tion. 

Pupils  under  six  years 
of  age. 

j Pnpils  over  fourteen 
years  of  age. 

j Per 
'Cent  (if 
j popula- 
1 tion 

1 under 

Total. 

Male. 

Female. 

Total. 

Male. 

Female. 

I Total. 

Male. 

Female. 

Total. 

jiustruc- 

tioD. 

61,  612 

45,  853 

49,401 

95, 254 

1 2, 435 

1,271 

3, 706 

18,  872 

906 

19,  778 

0.8 

72,  789 

24,  038 

37,  817 

61,  8-55 

1,  856 

1,069 

2, 925 

2, 585 

1,131 

3,710 

9.5 

153, 829 

40, 709 

59,  507 

100,  276 

1 4, 272 

2,  823 

7,095 

5,481 

1,  987 

7,  468 

10.8 

63,012 

23,  718 

38,  402 

62, 120 

i 1, 251 

655 

1,906 

1,053 

92 

1,  145 

8.0 

115,  718 

46,  020 

71,  852 

117,  872 

4,  578 

2,  733 

7,311 

1,635 

232 

1,867 

8.7 

35, 035 

25,  988 

44,  208 

70,  196 

1,  030 

298 

1,328 

1,838 

208 

2,040 

5.4 

110, 992 

45,  6(37 

101,  346 

147,  013 

' 3, 607 

1,  200 

4,  807 

3, 180 

255 

3,  435 

7.  5 

8,414 

5,  014 

8,  372 

13,  386 

91 

31 

122 

374 

37 

411 

6.5 

81,513 

25,  383 

,54,  156 

79,  539 

1,346 

649 

1,995 

2,  920 

102 

3,  022 

8.8 

75, 690 

28,  729 

57,  002 

85,  731 

1.  399 

580 

1,979 

2,408 

138 

2,  546 

7.2 

61, 173 

27,  031 

50,  771 

77,  802 

1,377 

576 

1,953 

3,  096 

93 

3,189 

7. 1 

60,  588 

9,  729 

20,  736 

30,  405 

1,877 

1,  078 

2,  955 

1,892 

312 

2,  204 

11.3 

55,  871 

16,  388 

33,  380 

49,  768 

1,810 

858 

2,668 

2,  294 

274 

2,  568 

9.8 

91.  338 

17,  519 

33,  856 

51,  .375 

2, 122 

1,093 

3, 215 

2,216 

404 

2,  020 

11.0 

129,  503 

23,  621 

48,  265 

71,886 

2,  393 

1,  246 

3,  639 

2,  453 

327 

2,  780 

9.9 

91,531 

18,  751 

41,254 

60,  005 

2, 146 

1,  008 

3,154 

1,797 

280 

2,  077 

10.  0 

38,  466 

7,  594 

19,  903 

27,  497 

1,454 

638 

2,  092 

836 

184 

1,020 

9 9 

69, 126 

12,  338 

21, 753 

34,  091 

1,  884 

1,193 

3,  077 

594 

107 

701 

11.3 

95,  445 

15,  4.54 

31,7.54 

47,  208 

1,740 

1,  025 

2,  765 

2,  382 

513 

2, 894 

11.  6 

109,  538 

11, 176 

32,  460 

43,  636 

3,  513 

1,404 

4,917 

1,959 

250 

2,  209 

11.2 

52,469 

13,  799 

38,  680 

52,  479 

951 

276 

1,  227 

2,485 

493 

2, 978 

8.9 

69,  936 

20, 157 

49,  461 

69,  618 

1,  376 

1,  213 

502 

1,  878 

2,  970 

336 

3,  306 

8.8 

49, 424 

10,  689 

26,  312 

37,  001 

623 

1,  836 

2,  099 

170 

2,  275 

8.6 

31,  8.55 

17,843 

36, 186 

54,  029 

537 

120 

657 

1,  665 

92 

1,757 

6.  9 

52,  200 

18,4:i 

42,  833 

61,284 

939 

263 

1,  202 

1,507 

144 

1,711 

7.9 

42, 041 

21,759 

40,460 

62,  225 

589 

174 

763 

1,  004 

80 

1,  084 

7.  0 

53,  495 

12,  204 

28,  831 

41,  035 

1,  845 

728 

2,  573 

939 

65 

1,  004 

9.  7 

73,  718 

15,  888 

34,  669 

50,  557 

3,  210 

1,  280 

4,  490 

2, 152 

413 

2,  565 

iO.  8 

71, 551 

20,  555 

41,  095 

61.  050 

1,626 

701 

2,  327 

1,  430 

463 

1,893 

10.  8 

24  591 

9,419 

19,  .565 

28, 984 

523 

158 

681 

880 

129 

1,  009 

6.9 

57,  027 

13, 461 

31,  408 

44,  869 

1,  618 

584 

2,  202 

1,705 

235 

1,  940 

9.0 

96,  492 

24,  046 

41,  0.53 

65,  099 

3, 114 

1,878 

4.  992 

3, 933 

783 

4,716 

10.2 

115,  452 

28,  292 

54,  901 

83, 193 

5,  839 

3,116 

8,  955 

3, 435 

530 

3,  965 

10.2 

07,  583 

2.5,  365 

.50,  091 

7.5,  4.56 

1,  602 

701 

2, 363 

1,180 

87 

1,267 

7.9 

47,  716 

19,  633 

37.  090 

56,  723 

1,039 

481 

1,523 

1,  276 

21 

1,297 

8.3 

50, 182 

16,  319 

36,  539 

52,  858 

1,  314 

449 

1,763 

2,  628 

148 

2,  770 

8.4 

110,019 

49,  492 

83,  368 

132,  860 

2,  826 

1,  375 

4,201 

3,  807 

340 

4,147 

7.  8 

45,  271 

17,  162 

25,  399 

42,  501 

587 

258 

845 

1,  286 

146 

1,  432 

8.  7 

74,  996 

38,  098 

73,  397 

111,495 

2,  070 

753 

2,  823 

4, 928 

468 

5,  396 

7.  H 

64,  510 

17, 145 

35,  523 

52,  668 

1,438 

589 

2,  027 

2,  872 

229 

3, 101 

2 

37,  096 

14,378 

28,  421 

42,  799 

1,298 

555 

1,  853 

1,307 

141 

1,  508 

7.8 

81,  .538 

26, 152 

51. 117 

77,  269 

1,008 

395 

1,403 

2,  508 

173 

2,  681 

8 () 

24,  062 

12, 190 

22.  615 

34,  805 

444 

122 

566 

775 

85 

860 

6.  n 

48,  529 

42,  889 

75,  206 

118,  095 

873 

104 

977 

4, 922 

204 

5, 120 

0.  0 

2,  052 

34,523 

35,  383 

69,  906 

20  ; 

1 

21 

1,217 

1,  217 

. 9 

4,  773 

3, 164 

4,  349 

7,513 

54  i 

31 

85 

215 

2 

217 

4.  8 

500 

340 

384 

724 

8 

7 

15 

25 

1 

26 

4.4 

3,  037,  270 

1,014,133 

1, 900,  597 

2,  914, 730 

80,202  i 

37,  655 

117,  851 

115, 135 

13, 815 

128, 950 

8.8 

493 


24 


CIRCULARS  OF  INFORMATION  FOR  1885, 


Table  II.— Part  2. — Showing  number  of  achooU 


Number  of  public  element 


Elemoutary  schools. 


Name  of  fu  or  kcii 


Tbkio 

Kioto  

Osaka  

Xaiiapiwa  . . 

Hiogo 

Nagasaki 

Niigata 

llakodato  ... 

Saitama 

Oliiba 

Ibaraki 

( jumba 

Tochigi 

Miye 

Aidii  

Sliiilzuoka. .. 
Yamanashi . . 

Sliiga 

Gifu 

Nagano 

Mi  vagi  

Eukiisliima  . 

Iw.ito 

Aomori 

Yamagata . . . 

Akita 

Fukui 

Ishikawa 

Toyama 

Tottori 

Sliimane  

Okayama 

lliro.shima  . 
Yamaguchi 
lYakayama. 
Tokushima. 

Yehimo 

Kochi  

Fukuoka  . . 

Oita 

Saga 

Kumamoto  . 
Miyazaki  . . 
Kagoshima 
Okinawa  . . . 

Sapporo 

Nemuro 

Total . 


Teachers.  Assistant 


Public.  1 

Pri- 

vate. 

Total. 

Male. 

Fe- 

male. 

Total,  j 

Male. 

Fe- 

male. 

229 

462 

691 

539 

37 

576 

1 

50 

495  ; 

495 

838 

18 

856 

33 

102 

1,023 

9 

1,  032 

874 

3 

877 

262 

044  i 

12 

556 

247 

4 

251 

1 

9G0 

960 

1 0.58 

5 

1,  063 

4 

495  1 

495 

'321 

. 3 

' 324 

126 

5 

1, 126  1 

i 

1, 127 

1,  068 

17 

1,  085 

■ 136 

9 

■ 145 

201 

8 

'209 

2 

13 

725 

2 

727 

938 

6 

944 

951 

8 

959 

811 

14 

825 

928 

928 

481 

5 

486 

71 

1 

696 

2 

598 

853 

4 

857 

146 

1 

529 

7 

536 

438 

5 

443 

716 

716 

432 

432 

1, 065 

1 

1,  006 

1,  050 

5 

1,  055 

2 

13 

702 

3 

705 

799 

2 

801 

14 

8 

303 

303 

357 

6 

363 

682 

682 

596 

11 

607 

695 

695 

680 

7 

687 

28 

9 

848 

2 

850 

701 

701 

1 

435 

435 

436 

1 

437 

3 

851 

851 

655 

2 

657 

43 

743 

4 

747 

482 

2 

484 

1 

1 

548 

1 

549 

290 

4 

294 

556 

2 

558 

562 

6 

567 

37 

5 

509 

2 

511 

523 

20 

543 

1 

578 

578 

341 

8 

349 

169 

1 

670 

9 

679 

482 

49 

531 

184 

68 

439 

439 

181 

15 

196 

85 

9 

403 

403 

386 

13 

399 

116 

15 

697 

4 

701 

253 

5 

258 

771 

2 

773 

751 

2 

753 

9 

975 

4 

979 

753 

1 

754 

100 

5 

875 

2 

877 

383 

383 

9 

747 

1 

748 

668 

2 

670 

4 

512 

512 

328 

1 

329 

1, 417 

6 

1,423 

929 

6 

935 

2 

526 

1 

527 

392 

2 

394 

772 

772 

1,215 

],215 

3 

542 

542 

299 

299 

1 

336 

i 336 

! 209 

1 

210 

89 

762 

5 

767 

260 

269 

1 

360 

1 

361 

15 

15 

4 

671 

2 

673 

66 

66 

4 

53 

53 

57 

83 

3 

86 

82 

82 

1 

10 

10 

16 

1 

17 

29, 589 

567 

30, 156 

24,  305 

300 

24,605 

1,566 

312 

496 


EDUCxlTlON  IN  J^VPAN. 


25 


a«d  instructors  for  the  sixteenth  year  of  Meiji  (1883). 


ary  schools. 


Number  of  private  elemeutary  schools. 


teach- 

ers. 


Pupil  teachers. 


Teachers. 


Assistant  teachers.  Pupil  teachers. 


Total. 

Male. 

Fe- 

male. 

Total. 

Male. 

Fe- 

male. 

Total. 

Male. 

Fe- 

male. 

Total. 

Male. 

Fe- 

male 

Total. 

51 

237 

33 

270 

126 

24 

150 

1 

1 

510 

183 

693 

975 

182 

1, 157 

262 

1,460 

53 

1.513 

11 

1 

12 

5 

5 

1 777 

63 

1 840 

16 

. 16 

9 249 

IJO 

2 359 

131 

997 

32 

1’  0'^9 

3 478 

60 

3’  538 

1 

1 

1.5 

23 

7 

30 

11 

11 

3 

3 

1 

1 

1 fil9 

38 

1 657 

2 

1 

3 

9 

l’  139 

34 

1 173 

8 

1 

9 

.V 

3 

6 

72 

' 830 

18 

848 

147 

1 937 

32 

1 269 

6 

6 

9 

4 

13 

l ' 297 

54 

1 351 

5 

5 

19 

0 

25 

9 2fi3 

101 

2.  364 

1'' 

1 fiOi 

129 

1 793 

1 

1 

9 

0 

90 

3'  014 

92 

si  106 

3 

1 

4 

15 

914 

8 

922 

1 380 

164^ 

1,  544 

37 

2 012 

388 

2 400 

1 

4 58.5 

205 

4 770 

2 

2 

9 

9 

3 

i 852 

84 

1,  986 

43 

1 llfi 

36 

1 152 

2 

771 

5 

776 

1 

1 

2 

5 

3 

8 

828 

49 

677 

in 

] 

42 

1 330 

47 

1 377 

2 

2 

1 

] 

1 

1 ' 28fi 

54 

1 320 

L 

1 

1 

1 

170 

’ 877 

34 

’ 911 

987 

301 

1 288 

8 

2 

10 

19 

14 

33 

94 

988 

155 

li  143 

131 

63 

63 

1 322 

89 

1 411 

10 

2 

12 

9 

1 498 

89 

1 587 

9 

2 

195 

1 167 

38 

1, 205 

4 

4 

31 

2 

33 

9 

2, 110 

93 

2, 203 

2 

2 

5 

2 

4 

'213 

' 213 

1 

1 

526 

35 

561 

2 

1,  669 

55 

1, 724 

4 

1 

5 

8 

1 

9 

864 

51 

915 

1 

1 

3 

1.675 

70 

1,745 

1 

1, 174 

28 

li  202 

89 

965 

5 

970 

1 

1,  537 

34 

1,  571 

5 

9 

4 

756 

12 

'768 

4 

2 

6 

4 

2,214 

42 

2,  256 

2 

2 

4 

4 

31 

31 

1 

67 

6 

73 

1 

1 

1 

1 

5 

1 

6 

1,878 

60,801 

3,216 

64,017 

196 

33 

229 

3 

1 

4 

678 

225 

903 

497 


CIECULARS  OF  INFORMATION  FOR  1885. 


26 


Table  II. — Part  2. — Showing  number  of  schools  and  in 


Natte  of  fu  or  ken. 


Tukio 

Kioto 

OaaU.a 

KaniiKawa., 

HiOo,  

Nagasaki  . 
Niigata  ... 
Hakodate  .. 

Saitaina 

Cliiba 

Ibaiaki 

Guiiiba 

Tocbigi 

M i s o 

Aichi 

Sbidznoka. 

Yamanasbi 

Sbiga 

Gifu 

Nagano. 

Mi  vagi 

Fukusbiraa 

Iwato 

Aomori 

T amagata  . , 

Akita 

I'nkui 

Isbikawa. . . 

Toyama 

Tottori 

Sbimane. . . 
Okayama  . . 
Hiroshima. . 
Taniaziu-hi 
■Wakayama. 
Tokushima. 

Tcliime 

Kochi 

Fukuoka  ... 

Oita 

Saga 

Kum.amoto 
Miyazaki. . . 
Kagoshima. 
( fkiuawa  . . 
Sapporo  . . . 
Nemuro  , . . 


» 

Pupils  of  public  elementary 
schools. 

Pupils  of  private  ele-  i 
mentary  schools. 

Male. 

Female. 

Total. 

Male. 

Female. 

Total. 

18,  534 

11,  848 

30, 382 

18,  044 

16,  992 

35,036  1 

47. 133 

28,  409 

75,  532 

1 

95,  h66 

66,  043 

161,909 

530 

472 

1,002  1 

41,732 

22,  793 

61,515 

540 

382 

922 

83,  393 

43,  143 

125,441 

1 

29,  973 

7,  271 

37,  244 



93,  2fc8 

26,  957 

117,  345 

45 

4 

49 

5,  954 

1,839 

7,  793 

596 

342 

938 

GO,  098 

25, 504 

85,  602 

107 

41 

148 

53,  334 

19, 299 

78,  533 

458 

220 

678  1 

50, 019 

15, 101 

65, 120 

44,  112 

27,  960 

73,  072 

241 

374 

615 

41,937 

17,  522 

59,  4)9 

513 

419 

932 

58,  004 

36,  302 

94,  306 

84'  235 

49,  650 

133,  885 

54 

14 

68 

61,879 

33,  295 

95, 174 

139 

113 

252 

28,  782 

12,211 

40,  993 

42, 946 

29,  601 

72,  547 

6U  070 

38,  966 

100,  036 

75,  844 

41,  990 

117, 834 

151 

94 

245 

44, 481 

11,  458 

57. 147 

20, 159 

77, 306 

39,  111 

14,  653 

53,  764 

150 

208 

S58 

28,  032 

5, 138 

.33, 170 

25 

20 

45 

43,  301 

11,119 

54,  420 

40 

14 

54 

35,  501 

7,  890 

43,  391 

63 

16 

79 

40,  181 

18,  734 

58,  915 

51,  330 

26,  007 

77,  337 

751 

410 

1,161 

53, 164 

25,  208 

78,  372 

20,  038 

6,  C06 

26,  644 

4h  292 

loi  061 

60,  353 

257 

101 



358 

' 71,537 

43,  430 

114,  967 

16 

2 

18 

82,  879 

43,  345 

126,  234 

372 

201 

573 

■)9,  741 

20,  898 

79,  639 

127 

99 

226 

35,  102 

13,  795 

48,  897 

27 

16 

43 

40, 473 

13.  370 

53,  843 

8k  528 

36,  402 

117,  930 

293 

'224 

517 

31,  470 

16,  761 

48,  231 

21 

7 

28 

60.  050 

18,917 

78,  973 

46,  261 

21’  922 

183 

29’  868 

9,  823 

39’  691- 

57;  444 

26;  563 

84;  007 

148 

59 

207 

19,  208 

5,  944 

25, 152 

101 

101 

46,713 

6,  380 

53,  093 

45 

99 

144 

2,  073 

9 

2, 682 

3, 157 

1,  166 

4;  323 

81 

30 

111 

327 

214 

541 

2, 192,  524 

1,  000, 075 

3, 192,  599 

23,  834 

21,  074 

44,908 

Total 


EDUCATION  IN  JAPAN, 


27 


ttructors  for  the  sixteenth  year  of  Meiji  (1883) — (Continued). 


Middle  schools. 

University. 

Number  of  schools. 

Number  of  instructors. 

Number  of  students. 

a 

B 

a 

o 

> 

o 

O 

tc 

(I 

c 

u 

M 

a 

« 

5 

5 a 
> ® 
a a 

6 

3 

a 

Ph 

Private 

Total. 

Govern- 

ment. 

Public. 

Private 

Govern- 

ment. 

Public. 

Private 

Male. 

Male. 

Male. 

Male. 

Male. 

Male- 

Male. 

Male. 

1 

1 

3 

1 

6 

7 

10 

1 

2 

4 

2 

6 

7 

10 

17 

14 

24 

5 

.51 

52 

48 

235 

157 

1 

178 

1,  650 

1 

3 

30 

1 

19 

219 

377 

81 

510 

1 

3 

12 

498 

604 

10 

1 

2 

1 

1 

3 

2 

6 

1 

1 

1 

4 

1 

3 

1 

8 

5 

1 

2 

2 

1 

2 

3 

9 

2 

5 

1 

4 

9 

5 
19 

0 

7 

2 

2 

3 

1 

10 

1 

2 

1 

1 

3 

3 

\ 

1 

1 

4 

1 

3 

1 

8 

6 

1 

2 

2 

1 

2 

3 

9 

2 

5 

1 

4 

9 

5 
19 

6 

7 

2 

2 

5 

1 

43 

7 
11 
11 

8 

17 

21 

41 

604 

101 

131 

107 

64 

163 

247 

423 

95 

59 

143 

271 

158 

125 

115 

600 

292 

70 

161 

135 

1 

8 

34 



6 

13 

26 

13 

5 

14 
39 
26 

9 

8 

12 





.. 

1 

10 

' 

189 

17 

9 

35 

17 

38 

12 

32 

59 

38 

149 

29 

51 

9 

4 

12 

3 

208 
192 
621 
174 
361 
162 
496 
685 
402 
2, 441 
385 
737 
178 
81 
236 
44 



2 

9 

350 





1 

166 

173 

19 

1,  055 

33 

210 

13, 929 

615 

1 

178 

1, 650 

499 


28 


CIRCULARS  OF  INFORMATIOX  FOR  1885, 


Table  II. — Part  3. — Showing  number  of  training  and  miscella 


Number  of  normal  schools. 


Name  of  fu  or 
ken. 

Schools. 

Instructors. 

Students. 

Government. 

Public. 

Government. 

Public. 

Govern- 

ment. 

Public. 

Total. 

Male. 

Fe- 

male. 

Male. 

Fe- 

male. 

Male. 

Fe. 

male. 

Male. 

Fe- 

male. 

TokiS 

2 

1 

o 

36 

10 

7 

163 

101 

47 

2 

2 

12 

1^9 

109 

4 

4 

52 

660 

1 

1 

9 

91 

1 

1 

10 

42 

1 

1 

9 

199. 

2 

2 

16 

2 

181 

44 

1 

1 

16 

89 

1 

1 

9 

103 

. 

2 

2 

15 

3 

118 

71 

1 

1 

10 

86 

1 

1 

14 

107 

1 

1 

7 

81 

1 

1 

11 

109. 

1 

1 

10 

93 

2 

2 

8 

101 

2 

2 

14 

5 

2 

2 

20 

5 

103 

12 

2 

2 

13 

3 

90 

20 

1 

1 

12 

106 

1 

1 

14 

96 

2 

2 

16 

130 

Iwate 

1 

1 

11 

116 

9 

9 

25 

2 

221 

42 

1 

1 

17 

101 

9. 

0 

14 

5 

128 

81 

o 

2 

17 

111 

o 

23 

2 

187 

75 

‘) 

0 

20 

4 

127 

55 

1 

1 

9 

58 

9 

o 

6 

100 

1 

1 

7 

93 

4 

4 

15 

3 

203 

21 

1 

1 

8 

87 

1 

1 

11 

200 

1 

1 

13 

117 

3 

3 

32 

140 

o 

o 

13 

4 

135 

77 

1 

1 

9 

98 

1 

1 

9 

97 

1 

1 

8 

118 

1 

1 

4 

4 

16 

4 

311 

53 

1 

1 

11 

97 

1 

1 

7 

49 

Total 

2 

78 

80 

36 

10 

605 

37 

163 

101 

5,640 

665 

500 


EDUCATION  IN  JAPAN, 


29 


neou8  schools  and  instructors  for  the  sixteenth  year  of  Meiji  (1883). 


Number  of  professional  schools. 


Schools. 

Instructors. 

Students. 

Govern- 

ment. 

Public. 

Pri- 

vate. 

Govern- 

ment. 

Public. 

Private. 

Govern- 

ment. 

Public. 

Pri. 

vate. 

Total. 

Male. 

Male. 

Male. 

Male. 

Male. 

Female. 

Male. 

Female. 

2 

27 

29 

47 

168 

382 

3,  090 

40 

2 

1 

3 

11 

2 

182 

2 

16 

1 

2 

3 

6 

7 

158 

96 

2 

1 

1 

5 

2 

2 

18 

240 

2 

2 

20 

218 

3 

1 

4 

21 

1 

144 

16 

2 

2 

7 

40 

1 

1 

8 

114 

1 

1 

7 

57 

1 

1 

2 

9 

1 

80 

4 

1 

1 

2 

11 

5 

111 

58 

1 

1 

4 

20 

2 

2 

18 

1 

1 

5 

68 

1 

1 

9 

87 

2 

2 

11 

71 

1 

1 

8 

48 

1 

1 

2 

5 

8 

73 

102 

1 

1 

9 

93 

3 

3 

42 

446 

1 

1 

1 

19 

1 

1 

11 

226 

2 

9 

15 

96 

1 

1 

8 

89 

10 

1 

1 

12 

55 

1 

1 

6 

84 

1 

8 

119 

2 

1 

3 

17 

9 

218 

410 

1 

1 

6 

77 

1 

1 

. 

7 

178 

1 

1 

5 

102 

2 

43 

35 

80 

47 

330 

201 

382 

3,  663 

12 

3,792 

42 

501 


30 


CIRCULAR8  OF  TXFORMATION  FOR  1885. 


Table  II. — PAitx  3. — Showivg  nuinher  of  training  and  mwaellanwus 


Number  of  higher  female  schools.  Gymnastic  institution,  j 

Instructors 

1 

4 * 

Name  of  fu  or  keu. 

Schools. 

Govern- 

ment. 

Public 

Students. 

■43 

z 

z 

z 

C 

C 

c 

t 

s 

hi 

a 

B 

5? 

Govern- 

ment. 

rublic. 

Total. 

1 

1 Male. 

Z 

a 

o 

Govern-  j 

inent.  ! 

Public. 

a 

15 

1 

1 

101 

1 

6 

1 

1 

...... 

13 

32 

■ 



... 

. 

1 

1 

1 

1 

4 

4 

2 

46 

G5 



1 

1 

1 

9 

30 

1 

1 

3 

53 



1 



1 

1 

7 

6 

123 

i 

Tot.al 

16 

1 

6 

7 

24 

37 

101 

349 

1 

6 

502 


EDUCATION  IN  JAPAN. 


31 


schools  and  ihstructore  for  the  sixteenth  year  of  Meiji  (1883) — (Continued). 


School  of  music. 


Number  of  miscellaneous  schools. 


c 

9 

o 

O 

lu.struc- 

tors. 

Students. 

© 

3 

3 

pH 

Private. 

Total. 

Instructors. 

Students. 

Public. 

Private. 

Public. 

Private. 

Male. 

Female. 

Male. 

o 

a 

© 

Male. 

1 Female. 

Male. 

Female,  j 

Male. 

Female. 

© 

a 

© 

B 

© 

1 

0 

3 

11 

0 

371 

377 

12 

774 

51 

256 

18, 159 

1,  6H1 

12 

110 

122 

17 

18 

69 

54 

166 

510 

1,  691 

960 

3 

194 

197 

7 

4 

143 

79 

299 

44 

3,  472 

2,  059 

22 

22 

39 

4 

775 

512 

20 

26 

26 

3 

818 

523 

1 

8 

7 

29 

400 

26 

1 

20 

21 

1 

32 

22 

851 

97 

3 

3 

3 

86 

1 

8 

8 

9 

176 

16 

16 

29 

528 

10 

30 

30 

33 

905 

17 

18 

18 

21 

1 

609 

106 

13 

13 

26 

505 

0 

13 

13 

36 

1 

126 

1 

44 

45 

57 

6 

43 

1, 185 

500 

1 

23 

24 

2 

2 

26 

5 

135 

595 

260 

1 

12 

13 

1 

16 

1 

68 

285 

97 



■ 15 

15 

12 

3 

233 

73 

3 

19 

22 

6 

21 

76 

593 

27 

6 

6 

6 

8 

100 

292 

2 

9 

6 

364 

1 

6 

7 

1 

G 

1 

13 

149 

40 

4 

4 

7 

117 

3 

3 

3 

61 

4 

4 

4 

9 

32 

9 

9 

14 

9 

593 

157 

3 

3 



3 

155 

8 

8 

12 

£3 

46 

46 

41 

10 

1 69'^ 

720 

1 

23 

24 

1 

27 

2 

49 

990 

79 

1 

22 

23 

3 

35 

36 

1 109 

‘>7 

29 

29 

46 

1 

1 199 

60 

19 

19 

17 

31 

3 

18 

21 

13 

37 

1 

83 

218 

1,  604 

66 

4 

4 

25 

289 

1 

16 

17 

1 

21 

4 

28 

810 

237 

15 

15 

27 

900 

3 

3 

6 

lie 

r 

1 

1^ 

10 

9 

29 

25 

1 ‘)38i  1 

1 

1 

2 

1 

6 

9 

30 

1 

10 

8 

23 

204 

1,113 

38 

9^ 

9 

2/ 

467 

1 

1 

3 

97 



1 

6 

3 

11 

48 

1,230 

1, 278 

104 

25 

1,  783 

239 

1, 794 

986 

46,  730 

8,937 

503 


32 


CIRCULARS  OF  INFORMATION  FOR  1885. 

Table  III. — Slioiviny  for  each  fii  or  ken  llie  value  of  properlij  of  public 


Name  of  fu  or  kon. 

Value  of  .school- 
houses. 

Value  of  school 
sites. 

Value  of 

grounds  attached 
to  schools. 

Tukid 

yen  8.  r. 

yen  8.  r. 

yen  8.  r. 

157,  728.  010 

26,  092.  455 

2,  948  061 

Kioto 

661,  341.  232 

33,  863.  396 

• 3,  403.  931 

Osaka 

512, 489.  257 

48,  678.  136 

4,  352.  566 

Kanagawa 

282,  746.  925 

11,172.  921 

1,  907.  662 



356, 176.  227 

27,  390.  575 

2,247.866 

^a^asaKi 

114,  644.206 

13,  796.  464 

4,  896.  059 

Niigata 

Hakodate 

383,  905.  509 

20,  782.  463 

4,  350.  867 

62,  490,  437 

13,935.314 

64, 803.  312 

Sailama 

147,  890.  918 

15,  878.  486 

2, 247. 607 

Chiba 

144,  041.246 

7,  487.  725 

18,418.305 

Ibaraki 

141,083,  590 

9,  540.  755 

31,006.  381 

Gumba 

205, 674.  287 

11,300.  770 

9,  049. 123 

Tochigi 

134, 220.  158 

7,  310  668 

7,  934.  347 

ilive 

292,511.969 

11,  490  949 

1, 485.  268 

Aichi 

373,  665.431 

22, 924.  943 

6,  8.39. 954 

Shidzuoka 

349,  724.  983 

19,  714.  509 

8,  979.  210 

ramauashi 

235,987  517 

13,  728.  909 

6,  283  2.15 

Sbiga 

453,  572.  929 

25,  758.  758 

1,  356.  938 

Gilu 

331,751.  709 

14,  332.  984 

1. 560  214 

Naaano 

519,280  414 

27,  089.  527 

18, 787.  553 

Miyagi 

177, 115.  543 

13,  697  038 

13, 992. 433 

Fukushima 

206,  247.  402 

16, 979.  966 

13, 357  067 

Iwate  

95,  141.  763 

1,  484.  070 

254. 299 

Aomori 

100,  304  060 

10, 808.  002 

6,  236  457 

Yamagata 

239, 975.  364 

11,773.  208 

1, 749.  008 

Akita 

129,  686. 017 

2,  385.  618 

210.  834 

F'nkui 

185, 051.515 

8,491.918 

532. 192 

Ishikawa 

159,  339.  400 

10, 022.  385 

1, 538.  945 

Toyam.a 

112,  842.  752 

1,  515.  602 

41.410 

Tottori 

39, 414.  883 

3,  079. 493 

1, 171.  502 

Sbimane 

67, 419.  963 

8, 999.  799 

720  232 

Okay.ama 

132, 119.  737 

12,  745. 400 

3, 771. 447 

lliroshima 

121,  675. 351 

16,  072. 668 

2,  003.  008 

Yamaguclii 

146,  688.  287 

1, 108. 177 

678.  052 

lY.akayaiua 

90, 866.  601 

9, 311.  784 

2,  961.  510 

Tokushima 

117,  524.  247 

7, 176.  826 

2, 579  307 

Ychime 

171,  295.  054 

12,  993.  737 

7, 936.  529 

Kochi  

112,  640.  577 

12, 167. 126 

17,  276. 136 

Fukuoka  

229,  446.  383 

20,  96,'.  374 

7,  749.  342 

93, 138.  901 

10,  963.  503 

1,  630.  020 

Saga 

106, 462. 464 

18, 155.  019 

2,  727.  942 

Kumamoto 

141,  691. 472 

24,  099. 266 

2,  251.  603 

iliyaz.aki 

47,418.  845 

7,  309. 186 

1,  722.  461 

Kagoshima  

206,  380.  046 

19,  988.  265 

26,  576  383 

Okinawa 

16,  991.  745 

13,  094.  325 

4,  241.  262 

Sapporo  

52,  883.  528 

9,  200.  966 

6,  872.  783 

Nemuro 

5,  995.  000 

4,  979.  523 

3, 987.  237 

Total 

9, 166,  684.  514 

678, 441.011 

337, 627.  860 

504 


t:t>lTGATION  IN  JAt'AN. 


aa 


bchoois,  k'uidei'yiil'kiif  the  sixteenth  year  of  Meiji  (1883). 


Value  of  school 
books. 

Value  of  school 
apparatus. 

Value  of  school 
fuiDituro. 

School  fund. 

Total 

yen  8.  r. 

yen  8.  r. 

yen  s.  r. 

yen  8.  r. 

lien  s.  r. 

11,  541. 485 

14,  728.  235 

15,  737.  955 

34,  433.  483 

263,  209.  684 

51,  032. 885 

60, 421.  321 

44,  460.  843 

428,  695.  594 

1,283,225.  202 

53,  351.  786 

58,  487.  493 

47,  591.  694 

180,  276.  379 

905, 227.  311 

36, 285. 127 

36,  899  095 

23,  227.  287 

554,  264. 159 

946,  503. 176 

43,  626. 021 

29,  467.  243 

33,  220.  569 

39,  789. 122 

531,  9i7. 023 

31,  716.  276 

24,  471.  223 

6,  397.  936 

86,  031. 237 

281.  953.  401 

101,  954.  670 

77,  693.  768 

50,  054.  841 

1,516,  758.  740 

2,  161,  500.918 

15, 177.  509 

.5,  643.  295 

14,  764.  714 

12,  269.611 

189,084.192 

49, 486.  270 

51,069.872 

19, 413.  897 

136, 146.  374 

422, 133.  424 

47, 631. 273 

26, 226.  792 

39,  240. 476 

1,071,936.153 

1,3.54,  981.970 

38, 297. 115 

27,  336.  756 

24,  344.  213 

257, 266.  944 

528,  875.  754 

34, 778. 042 

35, 184. 690 

28,  4T2. 665 

591,  973. 071 

910,  432.  648 

28, 300. 284 

29,  361. 767 

11,988.126 

104,  698.  383 

323,  813.  733 

31,  346. 103 

18,  906.  023 

' 34,  284. 645 

110,031.  698 

600,  056.  655 

58,  965. 341 

40, 125.  633 

37,  255.  011 

211,  899. 156 

751,  075.  469 

53, 700.  390 

30,  898.  660 

40,  050.  643 

480, 193. 830 

998,  208.  225 

22, 344. 162 

18,440.122 

15, 196.  871 

326,  984.  680 

638,  9G5.  £62 

51,  912. 154 

40, 841.  010 

27,  587.  719 

289, 420. 109 

890,  449.  617 

41,  696. 225 

46, 782.  535 

30, 407. 334 

68,  606.  515 

535,  137.  516 

93, 479. 408 

70,  981.  639 

64,  009. 390 

199, 640. 470 

993.  268.  401 

70, 780.  950 

25, 624. 798 

21,138. 399 

9,  254. 250 

331,603.411 

- 7, 307.  740 

24, 186.  289 

40,  429. 771 

131,278. 263 

439,  786.  .504 

27, 611.  789 

11,353.273 

21, 538. 442 

205, 771. 404 

363, 055.  040 

18,  747.  293 

16,  588. 867 

7, 850. 970 

20,  394. 078 

180,  929.  727 

23, 834. 391 

18,  749. 049 

25, 582. 243 

47,  562. 673 

369,  225.  930 

30,  647.  401 

■ 23,683.193 

12,  274. 334 

41, 309. 467 

240, 107.  404 

33, 473. 774 

29,  954. 410 

17, 284.  989 

22,881.667 

297,  670.  405 

26, 201. 829 

32, 605. 391 

11, 547. 568 

41, 160.  679 

282,416.197 

21, 485.151 

35, 220. 902 

10, 956.972 

35, 160.  974 

217,  223.  703 

1.5,  838. 259 

5, 233. 094 

9,  254.  346 

44,  269,  617 

118,  201. 194 

24,  329. 277 

8, 464.  740 

19,783. 751 

196,946.  345 

326,  664.  113 

34,  890.  737 

16,  596. 493 

29,  247.  520 

61,  190.  778 

2.00,  568.112 

39,  785.  517 

22, 470. 143 

19,  2.59.  008 

38,  469.  976 

259,  735.671 

31, 600.  238 

15,  598.  824 

27, 955. 998 

168,  217. 399 

391,840.975 

21, 184. 146 

18, 816. 180 

8,  098.  280 

73, 772.  423 

225,  010.  924 

21,088. 158 

9, 751. 928 

11,  812.868 

15,  083.  771 

18.5,017.  105 

38,  464.  991 

24,  382.  502 

22, 237.  liW 

355,  880.  469 

033, 190.  472 

26,  356. 396 

10, 963.  509 

9,  723. 

98, 198.  807 

287,  326.  396 

46,  874.  976 

19, 469.  033 

40,  541. 069 

49,830.911 

414,  879.  088 

23,  543. 432 

7, 974. 166 

17,  713.  014 

104,  419.  633 

259,  382.  600 

27, 32;..  602 

22,  036.  574 

13,  643.  U!>7 

60,  443.  498 

250. 794. 156 

23,  083.  512 

23,  859. 685 

9,  870.  Mb 

179,  408. 865 

404,  324.  949 

9, 398. 601 

3, 310. 597 

5,  459.  232 

85, 468. 653 

160,  087.  075 

33,  524.  085 

21,  557.  900 

12,  383.  416 

742, 186.  118 

1,  062,  596.  213 

5, 337. 064 

2, 204. 261 

1, 198.  384 

2,  037.  680 

45,  704.  721 

4, 043. 795 

5, 126.  938 

4,  718.  WSl 

17,  936. 149 

100,  782.  240 

1, 172. 146 

647. 814 

842-  614 

788.314 

18,412.548 

1,  584, 459. 782 

1, 200, 397. 731 

1,  046,  058. 796 

9, 559,  704. 575 

23.  573, 374.  209 

4768— No.  4 3 


505 


34 


CIECULARS  OF  INFORMATION  FOR  1885. 


Table  IV. — Showing  the  items  of  the  income  of  the  public  schools, 


Name  of  fu  or  ken. 

Balance  from 
preceding  year. 

District  rates. 

Interest. 

TokiO 

yen  8.  r. 

yen  8.  r. 

yen  s.  r. 

8, 131.  506 

64,  362.  538 

3, 065.  720 

Kioto  

22, 758.  057 

276,  000.  341 

38,  667.  977 

Osaka 

136,  598.  532 

439,  717.  934 

19, 194.  095 

Kanagawa 

9,  724.  945 

119, 192.  600 

59,  893.  044 

Hiogo 

43,  384.  393 

341,  879.  873 

4, 139.  611 

NagaMaki 

13,  972.  453 

103, 125.  903 

10, 143.  034 



19,390.848 

280, 123.  575 

152,  601.  990 

Hakodate 

20,  389.  598 

36,  934.  016 

1,  332,  902 

Saitama 

26,  999.  632 

197,  877.  018 

16,  291.281 

Chiba 

16,  326.  644 

68, 199.  799 

116,  573.  699 

Ibaiaki 

Guinba 

24,  5()3.  465 
3,  671.  368 

94,  492.511 
213, 768.672 
88,  459.  593 

34,  360.  960 
75, 376. 435 
16,  422.  409 

Tocbigi 

2,  171.  520 

Miye 

34,  819.  216 

203,  559.  007 

11,  077.  388 

Aiehi 

25,  610.  732 

223,  607.  867 

21,  238. 141 

Shiilzuoka 

13,  300.  309 

212, 865.  573 

52, 392.  4u5 

Xaiuauashi 

2,  909.  957 

84,  735.  948 

37,  561.  521 

6,  777.  006 

217, 173.  586 

23,  820.  055 

Gilii  

0,  286.  607 

175,  308.  925 

7, 134.  488 

Kagnno  

25,  957.  003 

469,  655.  511 

20,  175.  703 

Atiyagi  

29,  210. 144 

214,  385.  287 
198,  829. 132 

1,  044.  439 

1‘  iikushima 

47,251.793 

12,  854,  180 

Iwate 

22,  95 i.  606 

90, 296.  576 

34, 189.242 

Aomoi'i  

11,  853.  821 

109,  246.  351 

1,  667.  556 

A amagata 

3,  301. 975 

145,  208. 109 

4,  654  479 

Akita 

7,  954.  440 

168,  768.  659 

3, 100.  739 

Fiikui 

5,  942.  725 

108,  324.  997 

1,  352.  205 

Lsltikawa 

15, 393.  994 

160,  506.  802 

4,  931.  439 

Tovania 

25,  843.  098 

97,  262. 439 

4,  580.  079 

Toittori 

5,  277.  055 

63, 108. 603 

3,  320.  925 

Shiiuaue 

7,  649.  399 

112, 130. 376 

6,  045.  420 

Okayama 

29,  236.  423 

183,  959. 001 

6,  412.  305 

Hiroshima  

17,  350.  852 

160, 468.713 

3,  443.  044 

Yamagiiclii 

96,  714.  677 

139,  289.  032 

12,  970. 184 

Wakayama 

1,  900.  504 

82,  038.  510 
115,  456.  777 

14,  662.  275 

Tokiisliima 

7,  583.  203 

•1,  336.  900 

Yi'himo  

20,  630.  515 

204,  259. 150 

52,  270. 701 

Kochi 

10.  222.  049 

57,  320.  230 

19,  482.  689 

Fukuoka 

16,  348.  530 

245,  550.  349 

4,  703.  044 

Oita 

9,  722.  354 

96,  038.  320 

8,  803. 802 

Saga  

6, 121.  004 

93,  364.  098 

6,  274.  010 

Kuruanioto 

24,  687.  999 

99,  457. 144 

23,  293.  220 

Miyazaki 

9,  503.  725 

39,  966.  001 

15,  700.509 

Kagoshima 

59,  590.  060 

50,  057.  869 

111,  925.  501 

Okinawa  

8, 148.  493 

12, 127. 727 

156.  306 

Sayiporo 

6,  646.  183 

22, 175.  902 

3,  057.  892 

Neniuro 

783.  388 

1,  612.  910 

62.  599 

Total 

971,  570. 466 

6,  988,  249. 854 

1,  089,  759.  202 

506 


EDUCATION  IN  JAPAN. 


35 


Mndergarten , ^-c.,foy  tJw  sixteenth  year  of  J/cyt(1883). 


Voluntary  contribu- 
tions. 

Tuition  fees,  &c. 

Local  taxes. 

Miscellaneons. 

Total. 

yen  s.  r. 

yen  s.  r. 

yen  s.  r. 

yen  8.  r. 

yen  s.  r. 

5,  668.  914 

54, 435.  379 

8,  539. 149 

7,  288.  797 

151, 492.  003 

34, 289. 1 12 

4,  614. 114 

21,  387.  809 

18, 786.927 

416,  .504.  337 

10,  576.  243 

7,  212.  546 

36,  742.  952 

29,  975. 132 

680,  017.  434 

2,  854.  940 

23,  852.  007 

20,  524.  535 

3,  637.  862 

239,  679.  933 

16,  870.  281 

6,  592.  553 

80,  936.  309 

17,  6.50.210 

511,462.  230 

4,  085. 158 

4,  589.  759 

41,  505.  752 

881.270 

178.  303.  329 

103,  849.  122 

11,  283.  767 

60,  502. 121 

22, 089.  377 

649,  840.  800 

2,  645. 110 

8,  455.  651 

30,  734.  261 

11,  909.  870 

112,401.  408 

5,  255.  907 

20,  943.140 

84,  461.  405 

2, 258.  962 

354,  087.  345 

16,  973.  986 

31,137.414 

43,  953.  299 

10,  605.915 

303,  770.  7.56 

8,  209.  306 

*29,  377.  580 

41,618.  489 

4,  045.  993 

236,  068.  304 

5, 165.  347 

30, 190. 836 

28,  200.  678 

3,  466,  894 

359,  840.  230 

9,  579  135 

14,  234.  383 

32,  914.  082 

40,  585.  616 

204.  366.  798 

20, 445. 129 

22,  538.  652 

56,610.  295 

5,  530.  265 

354,  579.  952 

59, 088. 501 

11,499.  917 

26, 166.  523 

10,  627.  345 

377,  839.  020 

40,  095.  457 

16,  245.  842 

33,  442.  705 

6.  254.102 

374,  596.  393 

15, 629. 346 

3,  052.  890 

16,  310.  688 

3,  691.  208 

163,  891.  5.58 

5,  390.  942 

2,  874.  655 

14,  227. 130 

10,  939.  307 

281,  202.  681 

28, 186. 132 

14,  861.  873 

57,  637.  000 

8,  060.  546 

297,  475.  571 

23, 969. 932 

16, 107.  625 

30,  557.  225 

7,  376.  936 

, 599,  799.  935 

4, 582. 404 

4,  367. 182 

29, 733.  560 

903. 367 

284,  226.  383 

6, 455. 632 

3,  023.  075 

36, 103. 099 

2,  944.  688 

307, 461.  599 

19, 107.  793 

5,  499. 313 

36,  117.  801 

7,  580. 135 

215, 742.466 

1, 290. 106 

7,  619. 207 

. 25,257.666 

4, 603.  432 

161,  538. 139 

14,  756.  252 

9, 276. 248 

31,  557.  082 

2,  458.  440 

211, 212.  585 

3, 235. 165 

14,  700.  0.56 

31,  237. 473 

4,  611. 918 

233,  608.  450 

4, 781. 140 

1,  265. 171 

34, 201.  829 

1, 223.918 

157,  091.  985 

3,  984.  939 

6,  278. 557 

70, 188. 046 

1,  436.  470 

262,  720.  247 

2, 105.  089 

1,  012.  465 

34, 651. 705 

838.  414 

166,  293. 289 

741. 417 

3, 193.  709 

8,  780.  952 

321.  809 

84, 745. 130 

2,  044.  498 

4,  389.  656 

7, 785. 217 

10,  378. 152 

150,  422.  718 

9, 629.  904 

3,  749.  431 

43,  986.  962 

7,  728.  497 

284,  702.  523 

13,  428.  329 

2,  005.  913 

33, 247.  038 

3,  28.5.  211 

233, 229. 100 

22,  365.  238 

13, 685.  726 

8,  696.  700 

3,  962.  617 

297,  684.174 

4, 189.  784 

12,  862.  770 

32, 933.  016 

5,  517. 562 

154, 110.  481 

6, 922.  333 

4,  233.  358 

24,  878.  799 

2, 136.  848 

162,  548.  218 

20, 165.  512 

13,  039.  .591 

23,  853.  226 

8,  111.  837 

342,  330.  532 

2,  642. 122 

22, 096.  834 

24,  988.  440 

9,  878. 537 

146,  630.  901 

7, 935.  415 

10, 323.  014 

67,  650,  879 

8, 222.  014 

360,  7.33.  251 

1, 668. 148 

9,  002.  065 

21, 443. 239 

7,  016. 689 

153,  694.617 

6,  047. 600 

.5, 134  728 

15, 117.  315 

440. 971 

132,  .500.  320 

2,  718.  873 

21,615.428 

53,  986. 786 

4,  805.  263 

230,  564.713 

937. 300 

975.  837 

2, 214.  602 

69,  297.  974 

2, 767. 263 

4,  242.  847 

13,  895.  989 

26,  658. 536 

275, 138.  065 

438.613 

9 880.  946 

532.  062 

31,  284.  147 

1,  936. 430 

2, 447.  291 

13,  596, 741 

721.  675 

50,  582.  114 

192. 000 

538,  625 

3, 467.  569 

632. 548 

7,  289.  639 

585,  897. 299 

520, 678. 740 

1,  504, 210. 482 

354, 837. 746 

12,  015,  203.  789 

36 


CIRCULARS  OF  INFORMATION  FOR  1886. 

Table  V. — Showing  ihe  items  of  the  expenditure  for  the  public  sckooU 


Name  of  fu  or  ken. 

Salary  of  di- 
rectors. 

Salary  of  teach- 
0 r 8 , c o n • 
ductors,  &.C. 

Salary  of  assist- 
ant teachers. 

Salary  of  pupil- 
teachers. 

yen  e.  r. 

yen  s.  r. 

yen  8.  r. 

yen  s.  r. 

Tokio 

69,040  000 

3, 405.  369 

14  941  i 

Kioto 

7,  421.  080 

113,  644.  290 

8i  783. 182 

59i830.316  ! 

Osaka 

4,  428.  000 

122,  992.  123 

21,  213.  803 

129,080.737  ; 

Kauagawa 

480.  000 

35,  085. 159 

24.  000 

109,  040.  836 

Hiogo  - 

6,  395.  000 

123,318.  807 

328.  260 

99,  017.  345 

Nagasaki 

22.  003 

49,  888.  554 

5,  832.  002 

42,311.972 

Niigata 

6,  855. 100 

129, 118.  300 

72.  800 

14.3,681.515 

23  031.  794 

8 313.  963 

1 340  473 

24  109.  551 

9:->  8(58  899 

2,  8-0.  000 

99’  662. 109 

56*  907  457 

Ibaraki 

si  253.  000 

51,  088.  465 

5,  631.  500 

47i414.  750 

Gumba 

7,  434.  000 

99,  391.  323 

16,  396.  727 

74, 860.  751 

562.  500 

58  857.285 

.5.3  715  389 

5,  600.  918 

11 9. 566  031 

Aichi  

si  308.  500 

118,  661.488 

314.  000 

64i335.  562  1 

Shidzuoka 

9,  437.  002 

87,  050.  366 

2, 127.  970 

97,430.634  ' 

Yaroauaslii 

3,  286.  000 

42,  809.  745 

1,  057.  500 

37,089.100  ' 

3,  385.  000 

82, 117. 434 

Gifu 

li  905.  000 

81,  864.  889 

2,  435.  075 

74i006.  928  i 

NagaDo 

1,800.  000 

112,  332.  447 

84.  000 

188,  449.  342  1 

Mivagi  

29,  928.  850 

46,  083. 197 

324.  000 

90, 190.  761 

Fukusilima 

1,  482.  000 

■ 80,207.519 

3,  368.  709 

44,508.732  , 

Iwato 

1,  306.  000 

54,  982.  983 

157.  OUO 

3.3,642.752 

1,  990.  OOO 

38  517.467 

38  193  172 

Yamagata 

’ 600.  000 

48i  993.  735 

2,  281.  500 

45,773.000 

Akita 

3,  829.  000 

66,  383.  949 

84.  000 

43,  898.  948 

Fukui 

3,  575. 100 

33,  766.  186 

11,604.  512 

37,  440.  117 

Ishikawa 

4,  015.  468 

54,  7.52.  339 

23,  276.  536 

66,  908.  035 

Toyama 

912.  000 

24,  569.  404 

8,  348.  970 

55,  749.  596 

Tottori 

3, 437.  726 

29,  078.  101 

6,  404.  850 

7,  301.  352 

24,  487. 755 

56,  842.  870 

Okayama  

3, 108.  999 

83i  694.  216 

534.  740 

59i  774.  747 

Hiioshima 

4,  945.  500 

71,813.  171 

5,  299.  299 

34,  719.  631 

Yaraaguchi 

988.  000 

35, 999.  865 

486.  000 

59,  065. 164 

U'’:ikavama 

2,  010.  000 

66,  866.  553 

129.  508 

10,  652.  274 

'roknshima 

3,  032.  916 

42,  807.  892 

35.  000 

32,757.899  , 

Yehime  

3,  629.  650 

85,  908.511 

102. 800 

82,  241.  537 

2, 146.  000 

39,  777.  727 

41,  616.  805 

Fukuoka 

7i  286.  000 

133i  846.  391 

223.  000 

77i490.  271  ! 

Oita 

975.  000 

35,  013.  598 

37.  900 

53,  961.  211 

f^iga 

3,  020.  000 

20,  232.  392 

6,  791.  690 

42,  480.  298 

Kumamoto  

088.  000 

36,  729. 020 

36.  000 

87,  693. 149 

2,  526. 000 

228.  000 

35, 700.  086 

Kago.sUima 

1,  517.  500 

2li  488.  252 

404.  500 

102i  361.  309 

8,  382.  042 

778.  316 

Saj.poro 

516.  000 

lli  790. 739 

54.  000 

2,  723. 336 

240. 000 

2,  627. 795 

341. 256 

Total 

177, 682. 423 

2, 837, 809.  766 

146, 292. 725 

2, 811, 376. 234 

508 


EDUCATION  IN  JAPAN, 


37 


kindergarten,  for  the  sixteenth  year  of  Meiji  (1883). 


Salary  of  school 
committee. 

Various  other 
salaries. 

Expenses  of 
pupils. 

Travelling  ex- 
p e n 3 e 8 of 
teachers,  &c. 

Travelling  ex- 
penses  of 
school  com- 
mittee. 

Expenses  for 
rent  of  build- 
ings  and 
grounds. 

yen  s.  r. 

yen  s.  r. 

yen  s.  r. 

yen  s.  r. 

yen  s.  r. 

yen  s.  r. 

1,241.867 

12, 145.  568 

1, 408.  220 

44.  402 

45. 125 

3,  589.  823 

16,  809.  284 

26,  673.  830 

1,  385.  685 

2,  796.  421 

2,  055.  576 

1, 381.  194 

22,  218.  675 

52, 170.  327 

15,  174. 150 

967.  690 

2,  066.  349 

5,  922.  035 

11,571.517 

10,  405.  134 

2,  962.  599 

383.  889 

778.  057 

3,  380.  992 

28,  510. 197 

29,  738.  854 

6,  495.  277 

3,  650.  646 

2,  275.  663 

6,  370.  886 

10,  002.  089 

8,  831.  572 

4,  358.  104 

958.  975 

409.  699 

1,  145.  768 

9,  088.  749 

40,  386.  938 

11, 105.  746 

1,  635.  128 

2,  006.  450 

0,  714.  702 

1, 177.  968 

4,  496.  292 

4,  103.  105 

1,  861.  478 

22.  500 

217.  607 

12,171. 780 

13,  080.  892 

4,  045.  605 

2,  912.  013 

2,  803. 197 

5,  527.  123 

12, 879.  954 

12,  003.  163 

4,  943.  065 

1,  469.  130 

464.  735 

5.  611.456 

8,  602. 774 

11,  285.  634 

3,  368.  782 

1,497.  220 

816.  690 

2,  360.  778 

14,  907. 618 

14,  722.315 

6,  263.  319 

1,  386.  717 

1, 194.  384 

3,  421.  538 

3, 168. 199 

12,  861.  265 

2,  881.  833 

1.  687.  056 

987.  598 

1,  995.  478 

15,  626. 671 

9, 182. 102 

3,  964.  877 

1,  528.  533 

1,  877. 104 

3,217.719 

11,  764.  949 

11,  962.  809 

2, 306. 148 

1,  274.  668 

1,  256.  028 

6,  387.  983 

16,  974.  334 

10,  451.  369 

44.  000 

1,  569.  789 

1,  054.  355 

2,  698.  140 

11,352.  028 

7,  941.  297 

3, 109.  272 

1,423.  058 

599. 176 

1, 184.  890 

13,  283.  2.<0 

11,  360.  335 

4,  778.  075 

1,  196.  990 

1,  320.  315 

2,  090.  202 

7, 153.  649 

19,  987.  284 

1,  535.  500 

1,  300.  9.0 

1,430.  001 

3,  340.  579 

22,  885.  782 

32, 120. 174 

6,810.  000 

2,  357.  965 

2,  037.  129 

6,  120.  629 

6,  990.  870 

9,  473.  208 

3,  576.  267 

1,  962.  926 

608.  445 

1,  513.  555 

12,  577.  782 

11,  553.  2.54 

8,  031.  514 

3,  209.  659 

1,  797.  307 

2,  574.  769 

9,  384.  017 

7, 843. 347 

2,018.140 

1,  887.  399 

1,  038.  601 

2,  033.  366 

7,  302.  370 

6,  359.  849 

7,  752.  082 

1,441.902 

013.  379 

1,497.213 

6,  237.  254 

12, 166.  881 

12,  285.  855 

1,  044.  799 

880.  899 

1,941.789 

14,  4 >0.  604 

8,  407.  032 

5,  067.  551 

1,  557.  207 

874.  732 

3,  348.  602 

5,  847.  555 

7,  113.  395 

2,  489.  895 

950.  036 

480  704 

2,  250.  737 

10,  732.  852 

12,  009.  032 

11,022.  563 

1,  388.  079 

1,  062.  497 

3,  525.  294 

8, 425. 123 

0,  906.  673 

477. 440 

.540.  301 

5,  002.  716 

4,  057.  427 

4,  005.  104 

18.  050 

743.  438 

238. 262 

1,  040.  443 

8,  062.  892 

5,  062.  763 

840.  253 

581.  033 

538.  541 

3,  065.  431 

10.  620.  583 

7,  828.  726 

2,  473.  073 

‘2,  513.  176 

961.310 

3,  091.  511 

12,  737.  405 

7,  343. 104 

4,  770.  864 

2,  134.  285 

1,  996.  996 

5,  095.  946 

9,  382.  064 

5,  703.  369 

3,  103.  5,59 

3,  493.  481 

1,  030.  500 

2,  025.  216 

6,  576.  113 

7,  831.  990 

6,  800.  381 

756.  344 

490.  653 

1,  909.  852 

14,  170. 197 

6,  333.  070 

2,  786.  347 

1,  211.305 

672.  372 

2,  424.  031 

23,  249.  323 

7,  307.  085 

3,  007.  093 

2,  805.  910 

907.  773 

3,  701.986 

7.  427. 188 

5,  501.  497 

2,  818.  Ill 

474.  090 

490.  521 

874. 749 

20,  556.  093 

13,719.480 

2, 006.  880 

3,  362.  785 

1,091.012 

2,  769.  .536 

7,417.211 

5, 310. 895 

3,  238.  575 

900.  565 

414.  191 

1,  546.  021 

7,  624.  998 

6, 646.  076 

585.  960 

300.  644 

609.  080 

8,  381.  579 

14, 187.  334 

2,  301.  730 

480. 100 

720.  421 

1, 199.  952 

4,  903.  393 

3,  962. 173 

35.  600 

123.  055 

74.  789 

10,  224. 106 

31,  0.59.  706 

1,168. 170 

1,23.5.843 

467.  934 

703.  415 

213.  884 

1,  960.  908 

1,  516.410 

532.  800 

13.  793 

4.538 

592.  7.54 

3, 147.  243 

1, 973.  894 

445.  370 

58.  500 

207.  100 

376.  000 

687.  049 

215.  300 

4.  737 

30.  000 

489,  882. 911 

671,  244. 117 

182, 830.  619 

68, 401.  592 

44,  057.  407 

128, 163.  309 

509 


38 


CIRCULARS  OF  INFORMATION  FOR  188!: 


Table  V. — Showing  the  items  of  the  expenditure  for  the  public  schools, 


Name  of  fu  or  keu. 

Expenses  for 
books. 

Expenses  for 
apparatus. 

Expenses  for 
appliances. 

Expenses  for 
fuel,  charcoal, 
and  oil. 

Tokiu 

yen  s.  r. 

yen  s.  r. 

1/en  8.  r. 

yen  s.r. 

-1,485. 689 

3,  434.  090 

3,  087.  831 

.6,  401.  373 

Kioto 

7, 950.  421 

11,  736.  780 

5,  710.  998 

18,  319.  053 

(Jsaka 

9,  270.  845 

10,  326.  584 

9, 182.  560 

17,  418.  860 

Kauiijawa 

4,  527.  565 

5,  003.  893 

3,  443.  582 

9,  838.  780 

IllOtJO  

9,  901.  837 

7, 181.  032 

8,  288.  451 

13,  575.  463 

^Na^casuki 

4,  479.  534 

4,  568,  768 

1,  626.  545 

4, 185.  241 

Niif^ata 

15,  630.  501 

13, 473. 067 

9,  441.  8T0 

28,  988.  603 

Hakodate 

7,  431. 120 

777.  238 

2,  633.  537 

4,  154.  935 

Silitama 

10,  621.  670 

11,  540.  201 
3,  855.  846 

6, 454.  842 

11,  655.096 

Chiba 

5,  573.  046 

5, 151. 146 

9,  442.  218 

ibaraki 

5,110.  316 

3,  798.  255 

3, 620.  872 

7,  572.  470 

Gumba...... 

4,482. 258 

4,  283. 608 

3, 673.  598 

10, 117.  894 

Tocliijji 

3,  918.  981 

3,  351.  098 

2, 520.  807 

6,  071.  340 

Miyo  

7,  726.  471 

4,  723. 306 

6,  605,  471 

4,  482.  746 

Aiclii 

9,  044.  731 

5,  362.  673 

4,811.  514 

8,  083.  589 

Shidzuoka 

6,  749. 102 

5,  244.  288 

5, 946.  315 

7,  040. 171 

Yamanashi 

2,  713.  806 

2, 202. 407 

2,  783.  818 

5,  643.  769 

Shijia 

10,  553.  870 

6,  467.  533 

4,  810.  601 

8,  961,  286 

CrltU  

6,  570.  953 

7,  020.  796 

4,  770.  770 

9,  355, 113 

Nagano 

12,  002.  765 

13,  097.  865 

9,  714.  990 

31,  554.  881 

Sluasi 

8, 762.  649 

6,  085.  836 

4,  515.  313 

6,  478.  572 

1'  ukusbiina 

3,  999.  548 

4,  892.  043 

4,  300.  989 

13,  954.  608 

Iwate 

4, 188.  237 

1,  470.  219 

3,  621.  256 

6,  666.  091 

Aomori 

4, 170.  501 

3,  708.  564 

1,  886.  926 

10,  021.  457 

Yaraa^ata 

5,  279.  801 

6,  306.212 

3,  940. 738 

3,  536. 155 

9,95,5.  115 

Akita 

7,  678. 463 

4,  714.  912 

9,  339.  071 

Fuklii 

3,  945. 389 

2, 981. 969 

2, 456.813 

6,  505.  703 

Isliikawa 

3, 842.  604 

4, 869.  011 

1,  734. 856 

6, 197.  758 

Toyama 

2,  720.  040 

4,  874.  568 

2,  275.  326 

4,  788.  229 

Tot  tori  

4, 104. 762 

930. 230 

1,  505. 124 

2,  328.  770 

Sbiinano 

5, 470.  231 

1,  755.  815 

2,  870.  994 

4,  360.  620 

Okayama 

5,  914.  691 

2, 961.  298 

4,  043.  494 

6,  049.042 

niroshima 

7, 128. 877 

5,  652.  459 

5, 233. 769 

3,  679.  866 

Yamaguchi 

6,  830. 475 

4,  105.  338 

4,  513.  071 

4,  525.  614 

Wakayama 

3,  047. 633 

3,  641.  944 

2. 161.  028 

3,  419.  149 

'i'okusliima 

4,  367.  488 

2,  426. 180 

2,  459.  549 

. 3,260.364 

Yebime 

8,  886.  354 

6,  087.  371 

5,  524.  059 

5, 147.  326 

Kocbi 

3,  865.  567 

1,460.  973 

2, 107. 728 

1,  993,  520 

Fukuoka 

11,  777.  579 

4,434.  932 

5,  939.  471 

4,  838,  727 

Oita 

5,  792.  734 

1,  494.  596 

3,  28.3.  304 

2, 524. 404 

Saga 

4.  691.  773 

3,  480.  255 

1,  915,  722 

3,  536.  318 

ICunjamoto 

6,  674. 821 

6,  760.  893 

3, 171.  650 

5,  282.  087 

Miyazaki 

1,464. 030 

502. 760 

607.  584 

1,  669.  214 

Kagoshima 

5,  937. 079 

2,  230. 346 

1,  655.  832 

3, 732. 750 

Okinawa 

850.  694 

817.  773 

177.  318 

462.  995 

Sapporo 

1,  790.  303 

754.  569 

1, 115.  471 

2,  651.  820 

Nemuro 

127. 721 

31.  985 

454.  081 

494.  366 

Total 

277, 689. 274 

217, 486. 456 

182, 247.  919 

357, 326. 497 

510 


EDUCATION  IN  JAPAN. 


39 


kindergarten,  for  the  sixteenth  year  of  Meiji  (1883) — (Coutimied). 


Expenses  for  build- 
ings. 

Expenses  for  re- 
pairs. 

Expenses  for  the 
management  of  bus- 
iness of  school  com- 
mittee. 

Miscellaneous. 

1 

1 

j Total. 

yen  s.  r. 

yen  8.  r. 

yen  s.  r. 

yen  s.  r. 

yen  s.  r. 

6,  909.  006 

6, 176.  919 

3,  935. 173 

9, 186.  583 

14.5,  633.  339 

60,  778.  690 

17,  761.  984 

2,  571.  305 

33,  701.  656 

399,  317.  096 

38, 548. 483 

32,  714.  749 

,3,  311.  104 

35,  407.  354 

.532,  414.  428 

1.5,880.  715 

1,457.714 

15,  335.  638 

229,  600.  100 

49.  605. 188 

20,  292.  355 

4,  616.  069 

41,093.  966 

461,201.296 

7,  .522. 172 

1,  543.  365 

8, 168.  973 

155,  915.  396 

42,  550.  379 

37, 176. 119 

1,250.319 

45,  7.54.  241 

544,  9.30.  587 

10,  007.  195 

5,  385.  938 

912.  984 

25,  537.  305 

101,  414.432 

5, 643.  961 

18, 204. 496 

3, 121.  928 

26,  708.  233 

330,  882. 225 

20, 428.  354 

8, 961. 403 

1.  245.  805 

27,  075.  186 

277,  884,  133 

11, 118. 347 

9,  648. 155 

1,  332,  614 

16,  569.  063 

194,  119.  691 

54,  015. 145 

14, 483.  257 

1,  104.  246 

18,  991.  534 

351.  1.30.  232 

22,  233.  516 

8,  824. 148 

1, 137.  809 

11,344.439 

196, 118.  734 

43,  428.  540 

14,  018. 807 

3,  096.  844 

20,  501.  257 

318,  2.52.  012 

44,  309.  874 

10, 038. 903 

2, 145.  458 

40,  882.  563 

358, 151.  500 

51,918.  025 

16, 112.  067 

2,  540.  399 

25,  434.  371 

350,  4 ’2.  697 

21,  580. 718 

5,  485.  319 

942.  539 

11,642.  436 

162,  906.  944 

19.  447.  789 

20,  969.  740 

2, 243.  359 

25,  024.  175 

283,  788,  743 

13,  168.  935 

15,  686.  038 

1,360.  488 

23,  285.  303 

270, 196.  221 

63,  259.  686 

26,  394. 170 

4, 392. 488 

38,  726. 478 

574, 140.  791 

12,  000.  000 

1.5,  089.  84l 

691.  598 

I3,  699.  216 

257,  875. 164 

6,  731.  530 

22,  286.  942 

2,  074. 594 

32,  247.  263 

259,  858.  882 

13,  736.  524 

7,  270.  718 

1,888. 129 

19,  293.  759 

172, 428  538 

7,  080.  476 

8,  377.  396 

871.  781 

11,  047.  067 

150,  831.  602 

l3,  967.  236 

10,  383.  376 

1,062.815 

17,  no.  131 

197,441.0.59 

9,  635.  298 

1.3,  913.838 

3, 305.  632 

14, 016  234 

217.  380.  775 

4,  618.  235 

8,  307.  657 

979.  511 

13,  299.  902 

148,  625,  416 

1.5,  791.188 

8,  339.619 

3, 615.  510 

9,  947.  903 

243,  031.  144 

7,  092. 413 

8,  050.  994 

1,  248.  622 

9,  780.  228 

1.52,  422.  739 

2,  248.  942 

3,  906.  632 

357. 186 

6,  118.  524 

77,  824.  983 

8,  920.  774 

.5,  478.  679 

1,  621. 682 

8, 832.  374 

138,  792.  707 

18,  904.  808 

13,  910.  041 

2. 105. 771 

31,434.  550 

260,  524.  836 

13,  503. 105 

11,820.137 

2,  945.  079 

15,  680.  6.58 

216,  500.  151 

26.  004.  383 

8,  442.  057 

3, 484. 708 

16, 608.  218 

19.5,  691.  682 

16, 467.  668 

6,  255.  028 

1,  589.  572 

14, 188.  858 

154,  884.  548 

15,047. 968 

7, 164.  703 

2,  586. 412 

9,  679.  5C6 

153,  223, 199 

34, 076. 706 

18, 181.  .5.57 

3,  445.  998 

20,632. 315 

315,  023.  960 

6,  819.  461 

4,  092.  884 

1,  280.  722 

6, 470.  063 

129,  223.  006 

10,  933.  840 

14.  946.  789 

2,  051.  875 

15,  997.  570 

333.  272.  231 

9,  726.  994 

6,  719.  645 

908.  926 

12,019.  426 

151,285. 196 

4,  838.  299 

5,  773.  892 

654.  721 

4,  834.  203 

118,  142.  321 

775.  815 

10,  501.415 

556.  716 

9,  552.  357 

195,  699.  045 

3,  280,  771 

504.  267 

2,  997.  187 

58,  648.  509 

139.689 

11,  320.  470 

795.  971 

14,  791.388 

211,234.  260 

1.808. 0.58 

470.  010 

20.  503 

6,  819.  697 

24,  829.  739 

10,  247.  822 

2,  200.  971 

93. 360 

4,  883. 191 

4.5,  252.  443 

394. 487 

25. 970 

907.  415 

6,  958.  162 

850, 999. 123 

554, 708. 063 

85, 029.  702 

849, 159.  957 

10,  832,  388. 094 

511 


40 


CIRCULARS  OF  INFORMATION  FOR  1885. 


Taisli'  VI, — Pai:t  I. — Showing  the  estimated  amount  of  educational  expenses  {among  the 


Note. — Part  1 sliows  tlio  fstimated  and  actual  amounts,  together  with  a coiuparison  between 
them,  a.s  well  as  the  diffeience  between  these  amounts  and  the  coiTespondiug  ones  of  the  previous 
year,  of  tlio  educational  expenses  among  the  total  amount  of  the  estimated  local  expenses  for  the  16th 
year  of  Alei.ji  (1883).  The  city-district,  ward,  and  village  educational  aid,  is  here  included. 

In  part  2 the  expenses  mentioned  in  part  1 are  divided  into  the  respective  items. 

Part  3 shows  the  expenses  of  each  normal  school. 

Part  4 shows  the  expenses  of  of  each  middle  school. 

Parts  shows  the  expenses  of  each  professional  school,  higher  female  school,  and  of  each  kindergarten 
and  library. 

In  part  6 are  classified  the  sources  of  income  for  the  various  items  of  the  expenses  mentioned  in 
part  2. 

Part  7 shows  in  detail  the  various  items  of  the  local  expenses  ; namely,  the  police  exiienses,  divided 
into  those  of  buildings  and  repairs  of  the  police  offices ; the  public  work  expenses,  into  those  of 
the  aids  of  the  city-district,  ward,  or  village  public  works ; the  educational  expenses,  into  the  city 
district,  ward,  or  village  educational  aids ; the  gun  or  ku  expenses,  into  the  items  of  buildings  and 
repairs,  the  salary  and  travelling  expenses  of  the  gun  or  ku  officers,  and  the  other  various  cxiteuses  ; 


Tdkio 

Kioto 

Osaka 

Kanagawa  . 

Hiogo 

Nagasaki  . . 

Niigata 

Hakodate.. 

Saitama 

Chiba 

Ibaraki 

Gumba 

Toohigi 

Miye.! 

Aichi 

Shidzuoka . 
Tamanashi 

Shiga 

Gifu 

Nagano 

Miyagi 

Fukushima 

Iwate 

Aomori 

Yamagata  . 

Akita. 

FTtkni 

l.shikawa  . . 

Toyama 

To’ttori 

Shimane  . . . 
Okayama  . . 
Hiroshima  . 
Yamaguchi 
tV.'ikayama 
Tokushima 

Yehime 

Kochi 

Fukuoka  .. 

Oita 

8aga 

Kumamoto. 
Kagoshima 
Okinawa. . . 
Sapporo  ... 
Nemuro 

Total 


Name  of  fu  or  ken. 


Estimated 

amount. 


yea  s. 


I 


r. 


17,  809.  000 
31,  049. 833 
52,  067.  969 
22,  327.  870 
104, 162.  400 
43,  322. 062 


103,  049.  388 
29, 179.  OOO 
89,  911.  430 

42,  655.  088 
47,  563.  070 

58,  081.  262 
39,  600.  586 

63,  880.  000 
36,  816.  627 
26,  466.  965 
17,  516.  000 
19,  498.910 

64,  499.  000 

43,  145.  740 

35,  389.  659 
49,  397.  006 

59,  024.  003 
26,  849.  664 
41,  069.  450 

36,  053.  258 
34, 971.310 
65, 996.  605 

■ 48,  868.  953 


13, 299.422 


19,  837.  570 
49,  840.  430 
46,  142.  564 
10,  613. 130 
42, 110.  494 

27,  675.190 
36,  653.  000 

28,  564.  280 
71,  604.  000 
23,  873. 547 
33, 205. 000 
68, 728. 500 
16,  521. 144 
16,  425.  000 
17, 646.  000 

4,  500. 000 


1,  877, 461. 379 


Amount  de 
cided  on. 


yen  s.  r. 
12, 784.  050 
23,  059. 914 
42, 611. 027 
8, 947.  730 
94,  223. 200 
32, 317.  656 
76, 684. 775 
26,  206.  240 
85,  224.  519 
38, 026. 071 

34,  320.  570 
30, 748.  722 

35,  269.  637 
63,  555.  575 
31,335. 105 
43,  719.  045 

14,  672.  000 

15,  041.  380 
55,  891.  000 

36,  550.  940 
30,  275. 194 
39,  525.  595 
41,  923.  549 
26,  849. 664 
23,  517.  324 
29,  983.  092 
34,  494.  630 
63, 357.  925 
38,  399. 377 
10,  498. 401 

8,  905.  583 
48,  649.  980 
40, 412.  522 

10,  536.  290 
38,  316.  5.53 
26,  5.56,  270 
32, 286. 000 
26,  866.  280 
76,  435.  000 

23,  873.  .547 

24,  020.  000 
52, 105. 490 
14, 958.  591 

11,  500.  000 
17,  646.  000 

4,  500.  000 


1,  597,  642. 013 


Compared  with  the 

Increase. 


yen  s.  r.  j 


17, 252.  080 


4,  831.  000 


512 


EDUCATION  IN  JAPAN. 


41 


local  expenses)  decided  by  thefii  or  ken  assemblies  for  the  sixteenth  year  of  Meiji  (1883). 


the  penitentiary  expenses,  into  the  items  of  repairs  ; and  the  miscellaneous  expenses,  into  the  items 
of  gas-lamps,  post-offices,  fire  companies,  &c.,  in  all  the  fu  or  ken,  while  in  the  three  ken  of  Hakodate, 
Sapporo,  and  'N'emuro,  the  additional  item  of  rewards  for  killing  noxious  animals  is  included  in  the 
miscellaneous  expenses. 

Part  8 indicates  the  sources  of  income  for  the  local  expenses. 

The  ken  of  Miyazaki  is  here  omitted,  owing  to  the  absence  of  the  item  of  educational  expenses 
among  the  various  expenses  of  the  ken  for  the  sixteenth  year  of  Meiji  (1883). 

No  comparison  with  the  previous  year  is  taken  for  the  ken  of  Nagasaki  and  five  others,  as  the  real 
amounts  could  not  he  obtained,  owing  to  the  recent  separation  wf  these  ken. 

Although,  ill  some  normal  schools,  some  subjects  which  do  not  belong  to  the  normal  course  are 
taught,  yet  the  expenses  required  for  these  additional  subjects,  being  disbursed  together  with  those 
of  the  normal  course,  are  included  in  the  expenses  of  such  normal  schools. 

That  the  amount  of  the  educational  expenses  in  part  1 does  not  agree  with  that  in  parts  2 and  U is 
due  to  the  fact  that  the  educational  expenses  in  the  latter  two  parts  are  partly  disbursed  from  con- 
tributions, and  sanitary  and  hospital  expenses. 

Tho  names  of  fu  or  ken,  where  there  is  no  school  of  the  kind  referred  to,  are  omitted  in  each  part. 


estimated  amuant. 

Compared  with  the  previous 
year. 

Sources  of  income. 

Decrease. 

Increase. 

Decrease. 

yen  s.  r. 
5,  024. 950 
7,  989.  919 
9,  456.  942 
13,  380.  140 
9,  939.  200 
11,  004.  406 
26,364.613 
2,  972.  700 

yen  s.  r. 
7,  021.  800 

yen  s.  r. 

8;  532.  938 
1, 144.  038 

Do. 

24,  020.  438 

2,  857.  736 

Do. 

Do. 

12,  705.  465 

Local  tax,  &c. 

Aid  from  treasury,  local  income,  &c. 

7,  215.  740 

4,  6S6.  Oil 

199.  956 

4'  629.017 
13, 242.  500 

4, 132.  575 
8,  179.  528 
7,  493.  251 

Local  tax,  &c. 

27,‘332.540 

Do. 

4 330.  949 

201.  003 

Do. 

’ 324. 425 

6,  025.  931 
897. 168 

Do. 

5,481.  522 

Do. 

19,  567.  315 

Do. 

2,814.  000 
4,  457.  530 
8,  608.  000 
6,  594.  800 
5, 114.  465 
9,  871.411 
17, 100. 454 

1,  620. 000 

Do. 

339.  250 

Do. 

3,316.  000 

Do. 

1,  928.  240 

Do. 

599.  065 

Do. 

7,  798.  775 
12,  121.  549 
1,222.  664 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

17,  552. 126 
6,  070. 160 
476.  630 

3,  312.  876 

Do. 

7,  643.  252 

Local  tax,  special  funds. 

- 1,  840.  350 

2,  638.  680 
10,  469.  576 
2,  801.  021 
10,  931.  987 

1, 190. 450 
5, 730.  042 
76.840 

Do. 

Do. 

2,  660. 216 
157.  833 

Do. 

Do. 

486.  545 

Do. 

1, 124.  058 

Do. 

1;  103.  270 

Do. 

3, 793.  941 
1, 118.  920 
4,  367.  000 
1,  698.  000 

10,  211.  583 

Local  tax,  &c. 

Do. 

li  801.  080 

12;  503.  000 
438.  389 

Do. 

11,  565.  000 
2,  014. 485 

Do. 

Do. 

9, 185.  000 
16,563. 010 
1,  562.  553 
4, 925.  000 

Do. 

13,  044. 788 

Do. 

Do. 

500. 000 

Pund  from  treasury. 

Aid  from  treasury,  local  income. 

Do. 

5,  487.  000 

1;  500. 000 

279,  819. 366 

^ 

R 

613 


42 


CIRCULAKS  OF  INFORMATION  FOR  1885. 


Table  VI. — Part  2. — Showing  the  estimated  amount  of  educational  expenses  {among  the 


Name  of  fu  or  ken. 

Normal  school 
expenses. 

Middle  school 
expenses. 

Professional 
school  ex- 
penses. 

Higher  female 
school  ex- 
penses. 

Kindergarten 
and  library 
expenses. 

yen  s.  r. 

6,  723.  750 

5,  C47.  376 
32,  791. 347 

8,  447.  730 
11, 141.  250 

9,  363. 122 
20,  206.  200 
12, 801. 000 

9, 424.  054 
13, 399. 451 
9, 147. 720 
9, 182.  020 

7,  828.  437 
10,  218.  020 

9,  046.  594 
7, 419.  045 
11, 104.  000 
13,  554. 180 
16,  000.  000 

15,  645.  440 
10,  546.  935 

16,  026.  000 
10,  670.  925 
19,  414.  664 
13,  868.  500 
16, 101.  676 

9,  421.  590 

6,  882.  650 

7,  642. 377 
5,036. 370 
4,  385.  743 

13,  997. 120 

8,  567. 625 
8, 475. 400 

15,  507.  640 
7, 162. 170 
10,  917.  000 
8, 222.  820 
6,  094.  000 
8,  064.  777 

yen  s.  r. 

6,  060.  300 
7, 940.  376 

7,  448.  930 

yen  s.  r. 

yen  s.  r. 

yefi  r. 

9,  005. 162 



16,  745.  950 
15,  859.  244 
47,  478.  575 
5.  743.  040 



6,  914.  690 

3, 106.  834 
13, 434. 725 
12,  570.  222 

6,  729.  004 
3,  309.  026 

7,  258. 941 

20,  785.  786 
11,  738. 125 

4, 142. 420 

11, 861.  529 
10, 446. 570 

2,  481.  000 

1, 988. 000 

11,  831.  000 

17,  317.  500 
10,756. 400 

18,  399.  595 
14, 424.  900 

5, 435.  000 

1,  900.  000 

7, 556. 179 

675. 680 

9,  277. 925 

4,  802. 133 
3, 348.  040 

8,  488. 863 

590. 420 

19, 551. 670 

4, 176.  891 
3,  911.  840 

9,  652.  860 
11,  585. 414 

7, 784. 320 

6,  008.  720 

7,  504.  300 
14,  600.  602 

7,  608.  200 
24, 430.  000 

16, 800.193 
9,123.940 
6,  720.  000 
10, 405.  260 
18,  894.  000 
5,  821. 190 

1, 969.  860 

Yohime 

Oita 

18,  219. 000 
4,  209. 480 
2,  263.  754 
1,  641.  000 

6,  946. 280 

7,  957.  521 

8,  371.  000 
14, 808.  440 

14, 197.  230 
7, 001.  070 

243.  000 

Total 

493,  779.  959 

202,  211. 432 

368,  551.  066 

10, 000.  280 

1,  509. 100 

514 


43 


j:ducation  in  jArAx. 


local  cxpcmca)  decided  by  the  fu  or  ken  asseinblies  for  the  sixteenth  year  of  Meiji  (1883). 


Expenses  of  edu- 
cational meet- 
ings. for  encour- 
agement of  edu- 
cation, &c. 

Expenses  of  stu- 
dentsaentoutof 
jurisdiction  of 
each  fu  or  ken 
for  the  purpose 
of  education. 

Aid  towards  city- 
district,  ward, 
or  village  educa- 
tional expenses. 

Total. 

yen  s.  r. 

yen  s.  r. 

yen  s.  r. 

yen  s.  r. 
12,  784.  050 
23,  059.  914 

42,  611.  027 

8,  947.  730 

94,  223.  200 
32,  317.  656 
70.  684.  775 
27,  070.  240 

8,5,  224.  519 

38,  0_6.  071 
34,  320.  570 

30,  748.  722 
35,260.037 
63,  555.  .575 

31,  335.  105 

43,  719.  045 
17,  153.  000 
15,  041.  380 
55,  891.  000 
36,  550.  940 
30,  275.  194 

39,  525.  595 
41, 923.  549 
26,  849.  604 
23,  517.  324 
29,  983.  092 
34.  494.  630 
63,  357.  925 
38,  399.  377 
10,  498.  401 

8,  905.  583 
48,  649.  980 
40,412,  522 
10,  536.  290 
38,  310.  553 
26,  550.  270 
39, 986.  602 
26,  866.  280 
76,  435.  000 

23,  873.  547 

24,  020.  000 
52,  16.5.  490 
17,  465.  345 
11,500.000 
17,  C46.  000 

4,  500.  000 

407.  000 
2,  370.  750 
500.  000 
66,  000.  000 

336.  000 
180.  600 

8,  532.  200 

74,  473.  305 
644.  000 

392. 160 

935.  000 

1,  502.  460 
312. 196 

3,  345. 600 

20,  400.  000 
38,  167.  000 
4.  583.  000 
30,  oUO.  000 
300.  000 

1,  487.  200 
26, 160.  000 

2,  000.  000 

405.  000 

875.  000 

1,  000.  000 
740.  000 
1,  800.  000 
5,  549.  799 

588. 000 

2.  700.  000 
2,  000.  000 
2,  000.  000 
8,  428.  000 

1, 220.  824 

210.  000 
391. 2.10 
367. 400 

21,  515.  000 
30,  009.  750 
25,  889.  600 

1,  285. 140 
608.  000 
25,  000.  000 
9,  279.  763 
720  000 

6.  522.  605 
4, 500. 000 

2, 141. 400 

1, 340.  890 

1,  054.  000 

796.  000 

7,  649.  000 

100.  000 
630.  000 
26,  17.5.  COO 

7,  669.  680 
1,7.50.  000 
25,  450.  000 

428. 000 

2,  317.  900 

414.  000 

4,  051.  000 

1,  362.  500 

1,  488.  000 

2, 837.  560 

4,  500. 000 

29, 926.  779 

22, 801. 805 

482, 419. 948 

1,  611, 200.  369 

Sources  of  incoiue. 


Local  tax. 

Do. 

Local  tax,  &c. 

Local  t.ax. 

Do. 

Do. 

Local  tax,  d;c. 

Aid  from  treasury,  local 
income,  &c. 

Local  tax. 

Local  tax,  &c. 

Local  tax. 

Do. 

Do, 

Do. 

Do. 

Do 

Do 

Do. 

Do 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Local  tax,  special  fund 
Local  tax. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do, 

Local  tax,  &c. 

Do. 

Do. 

Local  tax. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Local  tax,  &.C. 

Fund  from  treasury. 

Aid  from  treasury,  loc.  1 
income. 

Do. 


615 


44 


CIRCULARS  OF  INFORMATION  FOR  1885, 


Table  VI. — Paet  3. — Showing  the  items  of  the  estimated  expenses  of 


Name  of  fu  or  ken. 


Tokio 

Kiota 

(jsaka 


Kauagawa  . 

Hiogo 

Ifagasaki  .. 

Niigata 

Uakodate. . 

Saitama 

Cbiba 

Ibaraki 

Guuiba 

Tocbigi  . . . 

Miye - 

Aicbi  

Shidzuoka  . 

Yamanasbi 

Shiga 

Gifii 

Nagano 

Miyagi  . . - . 
Nukrisliima, 

Iwate 

Aomori 


Yamagata  . 
Akita 

Fnkui 

Ishikawa . . 
Toyama  . . . 

Tottori 

Shimane 

Okayama  . . 
Hiroshima  . 
Yaniaguchi 
Wakayama 
Toknsbima 

Yebime 

Kochi 

Fukuoka  .. 

Oita 

Kumamoto 
Kagoshima 
Okinawa. . . 
Sapporo  . . 


Name  of  school. 


Salary. 


Other  allow- 
ances. 


Travelling 

expenses. 


Tokio  normal  school 

Kjoto  normal  school 

Osaka  normal  school 

Sakai  normal  school 

Nara  normal  school 

Yoshino  normal  school  

Kanagawa  notmal  school 

Kobe  normal  school  

Nagasaki  normal  school 

Niigata-Gakko 

Hakodate  nonn.al  school 

Saitama  normal  school  

Chiba  normal  school 

Chiba  female  normal  school 

Ibaraki  normal  school . 

Gumba  normal  school 

Tochigi  normal  school 

Miye  normal  school 

Aichi  normal  school  

Shidzuoka  normal  and  middle 
school. 

Kiten  Kuan 

Shiga  normal  school 

Gifu  normal  school 

Nagano  normal  school 

Miyagi  normal  school 

Fukushima  normal  school 

Iwate  normal  school 

Aomori  normal  school 

Aomori  female  normal  school 

Aomori  elementary  normal  school. 

Yamagata  normal  school 

Akita  normal  school 

Akita  female  normal  school 

Fukui  normal  school  

Obama  normal  and  middle  school. 

Ishika  wa  normal  school 

Toyama  normal  school 

Tottori  normal  school 

Matoui  normal  school 

Hamadi  normal  school  .... 

Okayama  normal  schoid 

Hiroshima  normal  school.  . 
Yamaguchi  normal  .sclnxd  . 
Wakayami  normal  school  . - 
Tokushima  normal  school . . 

Yehime  normal  school 

Kochi  normal  school 

Kochi  female  normal  school 

IMknoka  normal  school 

Oita  norm.al  school  

Kumamoto  normal  school  . . 
Kagoshima  normal  school. . 

Okinawa  normal  school 

Sapporo  normal  school 

Sosei-Gakko 


yen  8.  r. 

yen  s.  r. 

yen  8.  r. 

2, 868. 000 

456.  620 

38.  400 

3, 420.  000 

239. 250 

85.  500 

4,  032.  000 

378. 180 

252.  000 

4,  032.  000 

378. 180 

397.  COO 

3,  912.  000 

378. 180 

396.  600 

1,764.000 

238.  520 

190.  400 

3, 180.  000 

252.  000 

75.  400 

4, 488.  000 

440. 750 

120.  000 

2,  808. 000 

235.  940 

156.  000 

11,  724.  000 

1,  239. 100 

330. 000 

3, 768. 000 

772.  000 

725.  800 

5,  2G6.  000 

505. 625 

4.  296.  000 

469.  800 

438.  COO 

1,500.  000 

328.  600 

60.  000 

3,  300.  000 

714. 150 

4,  500.  000 

323. 620 

100.  000 

3,  408.  000 

471.  550 

50.000  ' 

4,  536.  COO 

197.  500 

157.  COO 

3,  564.  000 

786. 120 

67.  500 

.5,  064.  000 

545. 480 

183.  500 

5,  748.  COO 

741.  000 

400. 000 

5,  400.  000 

637. 000 

435.  800 

10,  728.  000 
5,  004.  000 

855.  000 

300.  000 

372.  000 

660.  700 

4,  908.  000 

514.  000 

4,  896.  000 

526.  000 

288.  900 

5,  022.  000 

435. 925 

133. 000 

5,  028.  000 

514.  000 

344. 000 

1,212.000 

86.  000 

34. 000 

1,  296.  000 
C,  168.  000 

216.  000 

160.  200 

si  828.  000 

990.  600 

2,  028.  000 

571.  500 

2,  436.  000 

205.  320 

406. 400 

1,  944.  000 

105.  660 

209. 600 

4,  596.  000 

449.  560 

329. 260 

4,  525.  000 

408.  760 

203. 800 

2,  832.  000 

204.  750 

1,500.  000 

187.  455 

87.  400 

300.030 

123.  288 

15.  200 

6,  780.  000 

753.  600 

2,  730.  000 

436.  800 

2,  679.  000 

402.  600 

647.  200 

3,  740.  000 

708.  800 

2,  504.  000 

184.  020 

183.  500 

4, 1.52.  000 

230.  000 

257.  000 

2, 172.  000 

203.  700 

214. 000 

984.  000 

143.100 

53.  200 

2,  970.  000 

1.50.  COO 

100.  000 

2,  676.  000 

380.  850 

311  600 

3,  408.  000 

275.  600 

190.  000 

5,  214.  000 

423.  490 

117.  000 

3,  422.  000 

1,  146.  000 

301.  000 

2,  280.  000 

1,  659.  865 

660. 000 

3,  600.  000 

328. 485 

610. 000 

210,  286.  000 

24,  922. 653 

11, 483. 060 

Total, 


EDUCATION  IN  JAPAN. 


the  fa  or  ken  normal  schools  for  the  sixteenth  year  of  Aleiji  (1883). 


Students’  ex- 
penses. 

Expenses  for 
repairs. 

School  e X- 
penses. 

Total. 

Sources  of  income. 

yen  s.  r. 
‘J,  172, 000 

yen  s.  r. 
228.  000 

yen  s.  r. 
968. 730 

yen  s r. 
6, 723.  75U 

Local  tax. 

650.  236 

1,  252.  390 

.5,  647.  376 

Do. 

3, 840. 000 

150.  000 

947.  755 

9,  599.  935 

Do, 

3, 840.  000 

120.  000 

947. 152 

9,  714.  932 

Do. 

3,  840.  000 

100.  000 

1,  238.  779 

9,  865.  559 

Do. 

960.  000 

40.  000 

412.  001 

3,  610.  921 

Local  tax,  (to. 

3, 739.  000 

132.  500 

1,  068.  830 

8, 447.  730 

Local  tax. 

4,  930.  000 

150.  000 

1,  022.  500 

11,141.  250 

Do. 

5,  631.  000 

171.000 

371. 182 

9,  363. 122 

Do. 

8,  616.  000 

1,  670.  500 

5,  626. 600 

29,  206.  200 

Local  tax,  &c. 

5,  024.  000 

480.  000 

1,931.200 

13, 301.  000 

Aid  from  treasury,  local  iucome. 

2,  489.  000 

280.  000 

893.  429 

9,  424.  054 

Local  tax. 

2,  502.  500 

522.  840 

1,  584.  403 

9,  813.  543 

Do. 

617.  500 

315.  000 

704.  808 

3, 585.  908 

Do. 

1,  887.  000 

2,  262.  500 

888. 070 

9, 147. 720 

Do. 

2,  646.  000 

320.  000 

1,  292.  400 

9, 182. 020 

Do. 

1,980.000 

3S5,  660 

1,  533.  227 

7, 828. 437 

Do. 

3,  438.  600 

280.  980 

1,  607.  340 

10,  218.  020 

Do. 

3,  672.  000 

250.  000 

706.  974 

9,  046.  594 

Do. 

861.  390 

764.  675 

7,  419.  045 

Do. 

2,  400.  000 

200.  000 

1,  615.  000 

11, 104.  000 

Do. 

4.  588.  000 

350.  000 

2, 143.  380 

13,  554. 180 

Do. 

1,800.000 

800.  000 

1,  517.000 
1, 690.  240 

16,  000.  000 

Do. 

5, 760. 000 

2, 158.  500 

15,  645.  440 

Do. 

3, 840.  000 

266.  000 

1,  018.  935 

10,  546.  935 

Do. 

5,  945.  500 

3,  485.  322 

1, 484.  278 

16,  626.  OOO 

Do. 

.3,  720.  000 

200.  000 

1, 160.  000 

10,  670.  925 

Do. 

3,  480.  000 

2,  709.  000 

1,114.  000 

13, 189.  000 

Do. 

217.  000 

317. 000 

1,  866.  000 

Do. 

1, 144.  000 

120.  000 

1,  423. 464 

4,  359.  664 

Do. 

5,  287.  OOO 

250.  000 

2, 163.  500 

13,  868.  500 

Do. 

4,  368.  000 

1, 100.  COO 

1,  315.  086 

11,  601.  686 

Local  tax,  special  fund. 

1,  095.  000 

100.  000 

705.  490 

4, 499.  990 

Local  tax. 

2,  025.  000 

160.  000 

649.  430 

5,  882. 150 

Do. 

540.  000 

50.  000 

690.  180 

3,  539.  440 

Do. 

200.  000 

1,  307.  830 

6,  882.  630 

Do. 

1,393. 003 

1,111.214 

7,  642.  377 

Do. 

882.  820 

1,116. 800 

5,  036.  370 

Do. 

960.  000 

60.  000 

450.  000 

3,  244.  855 

Do. 

480.  000 

60.  000 

162.  400 

1,140.  888 

Do. 

3.  931.  000 

700.  000 

1,  832.  .520 

13,  997. 120 

Do. 

4,  457.  325 

148.  000 

795. 500 

8,  567.  625 

Do. 

3.  748.  230 

200.  000 

798.  370 

8,  475.  400 

Do. 

6,  376. 000 

3,  730.  750 

952.  030 

15,  507.  640 

Local  tax,  &c. 

3,  405.  000 

150.  OOO 

735.  050 

7, 162. 170 

Local  tax. 

5,  400.  000 

164.000 

714.-000 

10,  917.  000 

Do. 

3,  800.  820 

100.  000 

352. 000 

6,  842.  520 

Do. 

30.  000 

170.  000 

1,  380. 300 

Do. 

2, 275. 000 

81.  000 

518.  000 

6,  094.  000 

Do. 

3, 000. 000 

206. 917 

1,  489. 410 

8,  064.  777 

Do. 

2, 160.  000 

240.  000 

672.  680 

6,  946.  280 

Do. 

1, 000.  000 

180. 000 

1,  023.  031 

7,  957.  521 

Do. 

2, 900.  000 

150. 000 

452.  000 

8,  371.  OOO 

Fund  from  treasury. 

2, 160. 000 

150. 000 

1, 284.  680 

8, 194. 545 

Aid  from  treasury,  local  income. 

300. 000 

1, 775. 410 

6, 613.  895 

Do. 

151,450.475 

30, 655. 618 

62, 482. 353 

494, 279.959 

517 


46 


CIKCULARS  OF  INFORMATION  FOR  1885. 


Tablk  VI. — Part  4. — Showing  the  items  of  the  estimated  expenses  of 


Name  of  fu  or  ken. 

Name  of  school. 

Salary. 

Other  allow- 
ances. 

Travelling 

expenses. 

yen  8.  r. 

yen  e.  r. 

yen  8.  r. 

3, 808. 000 

513.  220 

5'  100. 000 

351. 750 

85. 500 

4,  032. 000 

332.  880 

261.  000 

4 644. 000 

273.  690 

258. 000 

2 340  000 

94. 400 

80. 000 

1’  764.  000 

239.  300 

Ibaraki  Second  Middle  School 

716. 000 

265.  950 

Ibaraki  Third  Middle  School 

858. 000 

150.  925 

. . . . 

5, 364.  000 

453.  240 

120.  000 

3'  336.  000 

400.  920 

35.710 

2, 232.  000 

141.  000 

45.  600 

4!  824.  000 

558.  520 

40.  000 

5',  964.  000 

6'  636. 000 

372. 925 

160. 000 

2, 472.  000 

392.  500 

Fulaii 

2!  424. 000 

10.5.  660 

53. 200 

i,  956.  000 

189.  875 

l‘  140.  000 

327.350 

Matsui  Middle  School 

1'  608.  000 

202. 920 

87. 400 

Hamada  Middle  School 

' 828.  009 

177. 920 

75. 300 

2, 946.  000 

433.  670 

2 328.  000 

324.  320 

3,' 852  000 

444.  9C0 

Tokushima  Midflle  School 

2,  958.  000 

137.  040 

57.  500 

Do 

920.  000 

52.  860 

31. 500 

Tomioka  Middle  School 

920.  000 

.52.  860 

31.  500 

Kawasbima  Middle  School 

920.  000 

52.  860 

31.  500 

1,  788.  000 

281.  800 

778.  000 

Saijo  Middle  School 

658.  000 

153.  000 

46.000 

Kanievama  Middle  School  

996.  000 

262.  000 

25.000 

Ochi  Middle  School 

864.  000 

44.  .500 

7.  500 

2, 280.  000 

234. 300 

Osu  Middle  School 

' 720.  000 

45. 000 

15.  000 

Nanyo  Middle  School 

2,  076.  000 

173.  000 

59.  000 

Kochi  Middle  School 

2, 748.  000 

167. 100 

76.  000 

Nakamura  Middle  School 

852. 000 

88.  200 

36.  400 

Sagawa  Middle  School 

852.  000 

88.  200 

12. 100 

Aki  Middle  School 

852. 000 

88.  200 

12. 100 

Akaoka  Middle  School 

7.56.  000 

88.  200 

9.  700 

Fukuoka  Middle  School 

2,  952.  000 

108.  000 

120.  OOO 

Kurume  Middle  School 

2,  952.  000 

108.  000 

120.  000 

Yanagawa  Middle  School 

2,  952.  000 

108.  000 

120.  000 

Toyotsii  Middle  School 

2,  952.  000 

108.  COO 

120.  000 

Amaki  Middle  School 

2,  688.  000 

54.  000 

120.  000 

Ashiya  Middle  School  

2,  688. 000 

54.  000 

120.  000 

Kara'tsu  Middle  School  

1,  944.  OOU 

170.  000 

108.  000 

Kaiima  Middle  School 

li  836.  000 

167.  000 

102.  000 

Saga  Middle  School 

1, 944.  000 

170.  000 

108.  000 

Takeo  Middle  School 

1,  644.  000 

115.  000 

91.000 

Ogi  Middle  School 

1,  836.  000 

107.  000 

102.  000 

Kanzaki  Middle  School 

1, 176.  000 

154.  000 

65.  000 

Todoroki  Middle  School 

1.  068.  000 

151.  000 

59.  000 

Arita  Middle  School 

984.  000 

150.  000 

55.  000 

Kumamoto 

2,  748. 000 

179.  600 

133.  000 

Kagoshima 

1^  884. 000 

173.  380 

39. 000 

Okinawa 

Shiri  MiHdle  School  

1'  044. 000 

426. 000 

Total 

129,402.000 

11, 119. 995 

3, 334. 510 

518 


EDUCATION  IN  JAPAN, 


47 


the  fu  or  ken  middle  schools  for  the  sixteenth  year  of  Meiji  (1883). 


Students*  ex- 
penses. 

Expenses  for 
repairs. 

School  ex- 
penses. 

Total. 

Sources  of  income. 

yen  8.  r. 

yen  s.  r. 

yen  8.  r. 

yen  s.  r. 

120.  000 

1,619.080 

6,  060. 300 

Local  tax. 

930.  236 

1, 472. 89o 

7, 940. 376 

Do. 

1,  016.  000 

1.  807.  050 

7. 448.  930 

Do. 

289.  000 

1,  450.  000 

6,914.  690 

Do. 

162. 000 

60.  000 

460. 434 

3, 196.  834 

Local  tax,  &c. 

1,  762.  000 

421.  880 

4,187.180 

Local  tax. 

200.  000 

646.  780 

2, 828.  730 

Do. 

4,  635.  000 

774.  890 

6,418.815 

Do. 

4,  620.  000 

402.  982 

1,  016.  000 

12,  576.  222 

Do. 

1,323.  000 

264.  350 

1,  369.  024 

6,  729.  004 

Do. 

53. 141 

837.  285 

3,  309.  026 

Do. 

1, 116.421 

720.  000 

7,  258  941 

Do. 

300.  000 

1,  292. 179 

7,  556. 179 

Do. 

764. 000 

100.  000 

1,  245.  000 

9,  277.  925 

Do. 

797.  663 

100.  000 

1, 039.  970 

4,  802.  133 

Local  tax,  special  fund. 

80.  000 

68.3. 180 

3,  348,  040 

Lociil  tax. 

377  875 

2 5*^3  7ri0 

Do 

86.  491 

299.  300 

l!  653. 141 

Do. 

60.  000 

.571.000 

2,  529.  320 

Do. 

18.  000 

283.  300 

1,  382.  520 

Do. 

64.  000 

830.  230 

4,  273.  900 

Do. 

127.  200 

730.  600 

3,  510.  420 

Do. 

380. 000 

150.  000 

1, 181.  760 

6,  008.  720 

Local  tax,  &c. 

100.  000 

600.  920 

3,  853.  4C0 

Local  tax. 

30.  000 

151,  920 

1, 186.  280 

Do. 

223.  920 

1 2 ’8  280 

Do 

80.  000 

151.  920 

li  236.  280 

Do. 

619  700 

2 689  500 

4‘’6.  000 

l’  204  000 

Do 

346.  000 

1 203.  000 

Do 

100.  000 

213.  500 

1,596.  500 

Do. 

196.  000 

1 112.000 

Do 

517  371 

3 031.  671 

Do 

356.  931 

1, 136.  931 

Do. 

310.  000 

2 627.  000 

Do. 



30. 000 

218.  000 

3,239. 100 

Local  tax. 

40.  000 

120.  000 

1, 136.  600 

Do. 



40.  000 

120.  000 

1,112.  300 

Do. 

40.  000 

120.  000 

1,112.  300 

Do. 

40.  000 

114.  000 

1,007.  900 

Do. 

100.  000 

1,451.950 

4,  731.  950 

Do. 

100.  000 

889.  950 

4,  169.  9.50 

Do. 

100.000 

867.  950 

4, 147.  950 

Do. 

100.  000 

830.  950 

4, 110.  950 

Do. 

88.  000 

713.  950 

3,  663.  950 

Do. 

88.  000 

654.  950 

3,  604.  950 

Do. 

118.  000 

400.  000 

2,  749.  000 

Do. 

107.  000 

372.  000 

2,  584.  000 

Do. 

162.  OOO 

427.  000 

2,811.000 

Do. 

82.  000 

.328.  000 

2,  260.  000 

Do. 

116.  000 

346.  000 

2,  567.  000 

Do. 

65.  000 

506.  000 

1,  966.  000 

Do. 

40.  000 

476.  000 

1,  794.  000 

Do. 

40.  000 

259.  000 

1,488.  000 

Do. 

200.  000 

948.  880 

4,  209.  480 

Do. 

22. 930 

144.  444 

2,  263.  754 

Contribution. 

24.  000 

147.  000 

1,641.000 

Fund  from  treasury. 

8, 046. 663 

13, 987. 751 

36,  320. 213 

202,211. 132 

519 


CIRCULARS  OR  INRORMATIOK  POR  IgSB. 


Table  VI. — Pari  5. — Showing  the  items  of  the  estimated  expenses  of  the  fit 


Name  of  fu  or  ken. 


Name  of  school. 


Kioto 

HiOgo 


Nagasaki 


Kioto  Medical  School 

Kobe  Medical  School 

Kui)e  Pharmacentical  School . 

Kobe  Commercial  School 

Nagasaki  Medical  School 

Nagasaki  Foreign  Lang  an 
School. 


Salary. 


Other  allow- 
ances. 


Traveling 

expenses. 


yen  s.  r. 
6, 024.  000 
7, 104.  000 
240.  000 


yen  s.  r. 
403.  300 
527.  950 
36. 000 


yen  s.  r. 
85.  500 
100.  000 


6, 456.  000 
g e 3,  528. 000 


263. 940 
202. 910 


359.  000 
196.000 


Niigata 

Hakodate. . 

Chiba 

Iharaki 

liumba 

Miye 

Aichi 

Yama/iashi 
Gifu 

Nagano 

Miyagi 

Fnkusbima 

I wate 

Aomori 

Akita 


Ishikawa  . . 

Okayama  . . 
Hiroshima . 

Wakayama 

Tokushima 

Vchime 

Kochi 

Fukuoka . . 

Kuinttnioto 

Kagoshima 


Total 


Niigata . . 
Hakodate. 


Niigata  Medical  School 

Hakodate  Nautical  School 

Chiba  Medical  School 

Ibaraki  Medical  School 

Gumba  Female  School 

Miye  Medical  School 

Aichi  Medical  School  

Yamanaslii  Female  School 

Gifu  Medical  School 

Gifu  Female  School 

Nagano  Medical  School 

Miyagi  Medical  School 

Miyagi  Library 

Fnkusbima  Medical  School 

Fukusliima  Agricultural  School. . 

Iwate  Medical  School 

Medical  School  . . 

Akita  Medical  School  

Akita  Library 

Ishikawa  Professional  School 

Ishikawa  Medical  School 

Okayama  Medical  School 

Hiroshima  Medical  School 

Agricultural  School  

Wakayama  Medical  School 

Tokushima  Medical  School 

Tokushima  Female  School 

Matsuyama  Medical  School 

Kochi  Medical  School 

Fukuoka  Medical  School  

Fukuoka  Agricultural  School. . . 

Kumamoto  Medical  School  

Kagoshima  Medical  School 

Kagoshima  Kinderg.artcu 


Niigata  Agricultural  Institution- 


13,  034. 400 
1,  800.  000 
9,  750.  000 
6,  036.  000 
1,  560.  000 
8.  232.  000 

6,  708.  000 
1,  344.  000 

7,  320.  000 
1,  032.  000 
7,  680.  000 
7,  212.  000 

252.  000 


1,  380.  0,50 
288.  000 
1,00.3.200 
1, 146. 350 
191.  620 
94.  500 
786.  570 
190. 000 
600.  000 
164.  000 
1, 148.  000 
420.  000 


240.  000 
301. 800 
236. 300 


36.  000 
68.  400 
200.  000 
15.  000 
150.  000 
25.  000 
124.  000 


159.  600 
87.  500 
133.  000 
131,  000 


8,  064.  000 
924.  000 
8,  664.  000 

3,  048.  000 

4,  860.  000 
204.  000 

4,  488.  000 
8,412.  000 

7,  020.  000 

4.  686.  000 

1,080.000  . 

8,  532.  000  I 

7.346.000  I 

1.556.000  i 
.5,184.000  i 

5,  184.  000  I 

9,  276.  000 
2,  076.  000 
7,  056.  000 
5,  304.  000 

343. 000 


198,  519.  400 


2,  472,  000 


438.  000 
805.  750 
1,  066.  900 
134.  000 
268.  000 
79.  500 
300.  700 
359.  980 

441.000 
238.  920 
296.  420 
892.280  I 
142.740  I 
100.  440 
152.  000  ; 
582.  660  I 

576.000  i 
186.  000 
332.  600 
326.  020 


16,  572.  330 


1,092. 300 


55.  810 
55.  810 


199.  500 
17.  500 
450.  OUO 
117.  600 
71.  000 
150.  000 
190.  000 
148.  200 


4, 103.  520 


308.  000 


Medical  Institution 


I 


1 

! 


Yamanaslii 
Ishikawa  . . 
Oita 


Agricultural  Institution 

Ishikawa  Agricultural  Institution 
Oita  Medical  School  


Total 

Grand  total 


980.  000 
1,414  500 
3,641.  000 


8,  494.  500 


207,  013. 900 


689.  000 
108.  820 
298. 200 


2, 188.  320 


18, 760.  650 


75.  000 
55  000 
334.  600 


772.  600 


4,  876. 120 


Table  VI. — Part  6. — Showing  the  sources  of  income  for  educational  expenses 


Sources  of  income. 

Local  tax. 

Fund  from 
treasury. 

Aid  fiom  treas- 
ury. and  local 
income. 

yen  s.  r. 
438,410.573 
186, 856.  579 
362, 408.  026 
10,  000.  280 
1,  266. 100 
29,  426.  779 
22, 801.  805 
465,  062. 188 

yen  s.  r. 
8,  371. 000 
1, 641.  000 

yen  r. 
27. 609.  440 

4,  789. 800 

Expenses  of  students  sent  out  of  each  jurisdiction. 

1,  488. 000 

15, 869.  760 

1,  616,  232.  330 

11,  500.  000 

48, 269.  000 

520 


EDUCATION  IN  JAPAN. 


49 


or  ken  professional  schools,  4'c.,for  the  sixteenth  year  of  Meiji  (1883). 


Students’  ex- 
penses. 

Expenses  for 
repairs. 

School  ex- 
penses. 

Total. 

Sources  of  income. 

yen  8.  r. 

yen  8.  r. 

yen  8.  r. 

yen  8.  r. 

76.  942 

2,  415.  420 

9,  005. 162 

Local  tax. 

4, 8U0.  000 

300.  000 

3,  015.  000 

15, 846. 950 

Do. 

123.  000 

399. 000 

Do 

a500.  000 

Do. 

175.  000 

779. 182 

8,  023. 122 

Do. 

4 289.  000 

3,  610. 182 

7, 826. 122 

Do. 

2,  985.  000 

520.  000 

10,  477.  975 

28,  637. 425 

Local  tax,  (fee. 

1, 710.  000 

50.  000 

723.  240 

4;  873.  040 

Aid  from  treasury,  local  income,  <fec. 

2,  32i.  000 

269.  600 

7,  205. 686 

20, 785. 786 

Local  tax. 

1,248.  000 

270.  000 

3,  037.  775 

11,  738. 125 

Do. 

1,  400.  000 

250.  000 

704.  800 

4, 142. 420 

Do. 

6840.  000 

764.  368 

1, 862.  261 

11,  861.  529 

Do. 

1,  2.14.  000 

300.  000 

1,  218.  000 

10,  446.  570 

Do. 

150.  000 

283.  000 

1,  988.  000 

Do. 

192.  000 

600.  000 

2,  969.  000 

11,  831.  000 

Do. 

360.  000 

70.  000 

249. 000 

1, 900.  000 

Do. 

1.  936. 000 

1,  498.  000 

4,  931.  500 

17,  317.  500 

Do. 

300.  000 

2, 824. 400 

10,  756. 400 

Do. 

20.  000 

403.  680 

675.  680 

Do. 

3,  000.  000 

186.  000 

1,  918. 800 

13, 766. 400 

Do. 

1, 164.  000 

102. 145 

1,  549.  800 

4,  633. 195 

Do. 

150.  000 

4,  411.  000 

14, 424.  900 

Do. 

1.  426.  000 

61.  000 

635.  000 

r>,  435.  000 

Do. 

2,  442.  000 

50.  000 

868.  863 

8, 488.  863 

Do. 

10.  000 

296.  920 

590.  420 

Do. 

216.  000 

120.  000 

683. 560 

5,  864.  070 

Do. 

250.  000 

1, 630. 010 

10,  707.  800 

Do. 

555.  840 

100.  000 

1.  536.  020 

9,  652.  800 

Do. 

1,  782.  930 

804.  800 

666.  870 

8,  179.  520 

Do. 

1, 184.  004 

50.  000 

795.  470 

3,  405.  894 

Do. 

2,  530. 000 

564.  000 

4,  281.  913 

16,  800. 193 

Do. 

100.  000 

1,  335.  700 

9, 123. 940 

Local  tax,  (fee. 

30.  000 

26.5.  920 

1,969. 860 

Local  tax. 

70. 000 

864.  000 

6,  720.  000 

Do. 

30.  000 

4,  491.  000 

10,  405.  260 

Do. 

900.  000 

135.  000 

4,  446.  000 

15,  404.  000 

Do. 

100.  000 

978.  000 

3,  490.  000 

Do. 

150.  000 

6,  468.  630 

14, 197.  230 

Do. 

1, 222. 850 

7 001.070 

Do 

243.  000 

Contribution. 

34,  226.  774 

8,  965,  855 

85,  679. 427 

349,  067.  306 

1, 448. 000 

200.  000 

13,  320. 850 

18,  841. 150 

Local  tax  (industrial  expenses). 

870.  000 

870. 000 

itary  and  hospital  expenses. 

120.  000 

637.  000 

2,481.000 

Local  tax  (industrial  expenses). 

864.  000 

103.  000 

4.34. 480 

2, 979.  800 

Do. 

900.  000 

120. 000 

520.  390 

5,  821. 190 

Local  tax  (sanitary  and  hospital  ex- 

penses). 

3,  212. 000 

543.  000 

15, 782.  720 

30.  993. 140 

37, 438. 774 

9,  508.  855 

102,  462. 147 

380, 060. 446 

a Means  aid.  b Shows  the  expenses  of  students  sent  out  of  each  jurisdiction. 


{among  the  local  expenses)  for  the  sixteenth  year  of  Meiji  (1883). 


Voluntary  con- 
tributions. 

Special  fund. 

Interest. 

Miscellaneous 

income. 

Total. 

Average  per 
school. 

yen  s.  r. 

2,  999. 220 
2, 863. 754 
953. 240 

yen  s.  r. 

1,  200. 000 
2, 552. 663 

yen  s.  r. 
alb,  189.  726 
1,  096.  834 

yen  8.  r. 

yen  s.  r. 
493,  779. 959 
202,211.432 
368,  551. 066 
10, 000.  280 
1,  509. 100 
29, 926. 779 
22, 801. 805 

482,  419. 948 

yen  s.r. 

8,  977.  817 
3,  547.  569 

9,  698. 712 
2,  500. 070 

503. 033 

7, 200.  602 
400. 000 

243.  000 

7,  059. 214  j 3,  752.  663 

16,  286.  560 

7, 600. 602 

1,  611,  200. 369 

s Shows  that  the  expenses  of  professional  school  are  alee  included  In  this  item. 


521 


4768— Ko,  4 4 


50 


CIRCULAES  OF -INFORMATION  FOR  1885. 


Table  VI. — Part  7. — Showing  the  estimated  local 


Name  of  fu  or  ken. 

Police  expenses. 

lExpenses  of  puh- 
1 lie  works. 

Expenses  of 
meetings. 

Sanitary  and  hos- 
pital expenses. 

yen  8.  r. 

yen  s.  r. 

yen  8-  r. 

yen  s.  r. 

Tokio 

G66,  898.  .500 

172,  939.  007 

6,  523.  550 

14,  656.  204 

Kioto 

198,  586.  944 

40,  729.  470 

13,  624.  882 

918.819 

Osaka. 

302,  557.  378 

108,215.  793 

10,  686.  427 

4,  128.  840 

Ksinagawa 

143,  293.  on 

70,  989. 187 

9,  699.  487 

12,  640.  689 

Uiogo 

122,  664.  000 

89,  043.  627 

13,  041.  QpO 

2,  590.  900 

Nagasaki  

65,  508. 430 

13,  406.  929 

9,  069.  262 

21,  824.  377 

Niiirata 

105,  844.  020 

225,  912.  633 

11,  820.  340 

3,  370.  200 

Ifakoilate 

43, 152. 000 

11  250  OUO 

n 501  onn 

Saitaiua 

110,  298.  836 

123,  602.  725 

4,685.  587 

7^210.  747 

Chiba 

100,  208. 470 

51,  234.  847 

G,  755.  503 

1,618  694 

Ibaraki  

107,  883. 182 

66,  078.  381 

9, 170.  410 

1, 179.  800 

Gumba 

59,  377.  200 

63,  750.  000 

7, 405.  370 

2,  504.  720 

Tocbigi 

53,  301.  963 

80,  568.  306 

5,  053.  57G 

10,  090.  381 

Hive 

83, 669. 179 

74,  068.  728 

6,  454.  600 

5,  140.  828 

Aichi 

98,  513.  841 

129,  774.  600 

11,  247.  566 

21, 186.  795 

SbiUzuoka 

89, 262.  385 

112,  292.  880 

7,  420.  230 

5,  852,  049 

Yamanaslii 

42,  442.  000 

61,  202.  538 

5,  623.  900 

23,  886.  500 

Shiga  

90,  015.  584 

13,  480.  378 

7,  386.  997 

996.  400 

Gita  

72, 409.  000 

98. 467.  500 

6, 173.  000 

3,  236.  000 

Nagano 

105,  001.  290 

81, 185.  502 

7,  347.  700 

1,  780  100 

Ml  vagi  

73,  300,  010 

100,  231.414 

•11,  256.  460 

27,  447.  735 

Fukusliima 

87,  496.  632 

77,  679.  382 

9,  540. 100 

19,  702.  750 

Iwate 

67,  273. 176 

47,  566.  968 

9, 12.5.  000 

5,  219.  900 

Aomori 

47,  780.  000 

41,470.  000 

6,  511.  000 

17,  111.000 

Tamagata 

85,  097.  725 

41,  862.  624 

13,  389.219 

2.5,  237. 428 

Akita 

4.5,  961.  328 

37,  353.  .347 

4,  694.  345 

12,  815.  404 

Pukui 

62,444.112 

56,  643.  782 

4,  593.  330 

12,  502,  100 

Ishikaw.a 

65,  228.  587 

64,  508.  212 

8,015.  SOS 

9,  327.  741 

Toyama 

47,  575. 196 

119,  297.197 

2,  SCO.  100 

24,  887.  574 

Tottori 

45,  354.  941 

18, 483.  664 

3,  539.315 

8,  703.  259 . 

Shimane 

52,  105.  936 

26,  023.  360 

3,  073.  034 

10,  788  682 

Okayama 

93,  979.  586 

7.5,  220.  000 

7,  89.5.  200 

22.  408.  328 

Hiroshima 

77,  555.  909 

46,  351.  800 

12,  234.  007 

11,590.  946 

Tamaguchi 

94,  4.52.  505 

109,  231.  621 

0,  846.  000 

8,  363.  930 

Wakayama 

44,  894.  033 

59,  303.  966 

4,  623.  300 

2,  397.  600 

Tokushima 

64,  491.  453 

30,  632. 081 

5,  755.  870 

8,  901. 270 

Yehimo 

150,  300.  000 

71,  897.  000 

9,  417.  000 

28,  094.  000 

Kochi 

47,  793.  726 

18,  459.  947 

5,  681.  678 

2,  087. 160 

Fukuoka 

92,  749.  000 

92,  010.  000 

8,  934.  000 

2,  495.  000 

Oita  

89, 125.  020 

22,  730.  506 

5,  648. 156 

19.  752.  954 

Saga 

50,  265.  000 

46,  299.  000 

7,  974.  000 

903.  000 

Kumamoto 

92,  738.  259 

133, 128.  490 

5,  637.  320 

1,250.  800 

Kago.shima 

71,138.175 

53, 116.  3.57 

8,  309.  320 

8,  794.  632 

51,  950.  000 

3 080.  000 

15,  OOO.  000 

57,  985.  000 

36  962.  000 

28,  384.  000 

27i  714.  000 

2, 350.  000 

19i  756.  000 

Total 

4, 447,  686.  582 

3, 120,  086.  355 

325,  602. 469 

510,  447.  236 

622 


EDUCATION  '^IN''  JAPAN, 


51 


expenses  for  the  sixteenth  year  of  Meiji  (1883). 


Educational  ex- 
penses. 

Expenses  of  gun 
or  ku. 

Expenses  for  the 
poor  people. 

Expenses  for  coast 
officers  and  ship- 
wrecks. 

Expenses  for  noti- 
fications. 

yen  8.  r. 

yen  s.  r. 

yen  8.  T. 

yen  8.  r. 

yen  8.  r. 

!•',  784.  050 

112,  428.  000 

20,  295.  908 

266. 000 

1,482.475 

23,  059.  914 

85,  478.  738 

335. 980 

40. 000 

11, 195. 146 

41.  726.  807 

94-,  514.  (395 

561.  398 

38.  500 

9,  570. 173 

8,  947.  730 

46,  561.  779 

2,  052. 153 

88.  025 

4, 103.  893 

04,  223. 200 

121,984.  000 

1,  093, 440 

62.  500 

7,  699.  000 

32,317.  656 

36,  977.  600 

88.  686 

61.  529 

1,  636.  172 

57,  843.  625 

76,  222.  930 

147.  400 

35.  000 

13,  469.  380 

26,  206.  240 

24,  6S5.  000 

1,  235.  000 

185.  000 

1,  308.  000 

85,224.519 

63,  907. 138 

944.  000 

6,  065.  000 

3S,  026.  071 

66,  082.  935 

262.  932 

25.000 

6,  239.  262 

34,  320.  570 

64, 434.  228 

360. 000 

24.  993 

4, 125.  776 

30,  748.  722 

39,  5.52.  816 

112.  500 

2, 739. 000 

35,  269.  637 

49,  068. 832 

528.  814 

3,  962.  695 

03,  555.  575 

09, 197.  938 

193.  000 

36.  000 

5,  579.  904 

31,335. 105 

103,  268.  518 

624.  888 

18.  000 

6, 1 17.  57.3 

43,  719.  045 

54,  855. 102 

171.  735 

82. 391 

9,  9.52.  834 

14,  672.  000 

39,  018.  000 

300.  000 

2,  479.  000 

15.  041.  3S0 

38,  978.  004 

50.  000 

10.  000 

5,  856. 189 

55,  891.  000 

49,  111.  000 

931.  000 

5,  590.  000 

36,  550.  940 

03,  401. 191 

1,  250.  000 

4,  278.  779 

30,  275. 194 

65,  018. 114 

270.  000 

16.  806 

5,  625.  000 

39.  5-5.  r*95 

91, 150. 102 

250.  000 

35.  000 

8,  769.  000 

41,  923.  549 

49,  772.  400 

150.  000 

50. 000 

3,  886.  000 

26,849  061 

53, 115.  000 

305.  000 

50.  000 

5,  200.  000 

23,  517.  324 

61, 185.  876 

802. 150 

30.  000 

6,  378.  400 

29,  983.  092 

40,  580.  696 

651.  770 

48.  360 

3, 179.  788 

34.  494.  030 

37,  556.  585 

30.  000 

8.  000 

5, 408.  661 

00,  378. 125 

52.  556. 1 60 

329. 423 

18.  313 

4,  937.  620 

38,  399.  377 

68,  211.  9.57 

164.  340 

9.414 

4,  675. 480 

in,  498. 401 

29,410.312 

523.  300 

13. 483 

1,  720.  858 
4,  062.  900 

8,  99.5.  583 

49,  707.  521 

358.  588 

25.  000 

48.  0<9.  980 

116,  802.  280 

811.200 

108. 000 

7, 100.  000 

40, 412.  522 

81,  909.  740 

175.  000 

3.  000 

5,  387. 788 

10,  536.290 

07,  825.  500 

140.  000 

75.  000 

4,  777.  236 

38.  316.  553 

43, 172.  784 

460.  000 

59.  915 

7,  204.  000 

20,  556.  270 

35,  342.  600 

433.  000 

60.  000 

3,  989.  019 

32,  286.  000 

92,  302.  000 

300.  000 

15.  000 

5, 463.  000 

26,  866.  280 

3.5,  718.  788 

175.  000 

20.  000 

5,  962.  053 

70,  435.  000 

88,410.  000 

307.  000 

40.  000 

6,  760,  000 

18,  (152.  357 

55,  226.  520 

196.  026 

60.  850 

6,  268.  000 

24,  020.  000 

26,616.000 

105.  000 

14.  000 

1,  985.  000 

,52, 10,5.  490 

38,  997.  780 

55.  000 

2.  000 

7, 152.  000 

14,  958.  591 

32,  051.  508 

30.  000 

35.  000 

2,  389.  714 

11.  .500.  000 

30,  000.  000 

14.  000 

3, 000. 000 

17,  646.  000 
4,  500.  000 

29,  420.  000 
21,  385.  000 

166.  000 
175. 000 

4. 716. 000 

1. 400. 000 

1,  569, 115.  653 

2,  669, 179.  727 

38,  561.  581 

2, 145.  079 

240,  907. 768 

623 


52 


CIECULAKS  OF  INFOKMATION ' FOE  1885. 


Table  VI. — Pabt  7. — Showing  the  estimated  amount  of  local 


Name  of  fii  or  ken. 

Industrial  ex- 
penses. 

Miscellaneous  ox. 
penses  for  the 
kocho  offices. 

Expenses  of  col- 
lecting local 
taxes. 

Expenses  for 
building  and 
repairs. 

Tokio 

yen  s.  r. 
18.  000 

yen  s.  r. 
31,  701.  000 
109,  872. 167 

yen  8.  r. 

yen  s.  r. 

4,  826. 971 
. 1,250.000 

Kioto 

175.  560 

1,  565.  COO 

Osaka 

Kanas^awa 

1,  570.  754 

118, 122.  926 
97, 113.  102 

650.  000 
229.  600 

815.  994 
34,  084.  840 

Hiogo 

7,  321. 450 

186,  852.  505 

530.  000 

1,  000. 000 

Nagasaki 

1,  957.  910 

58,  766.  940 

3.50.  000 

929.  670 

Niigata 

19,  648.  050 

157,  588. 700 

1,  920.  000 

4,  430.  740 

Ilakodate 

3,  320.  000 

22,  711.  000 

500.  000 

7,  659.  OOO 

Saitama 

2,  462.  075 

99, 155.  000 

304. 165 

900.  000 

Chiba 

2,  772.  7C4 

120,  752.  850 

611.000 

2,  085.  500 

Ibaraki  

1,  385,  430 

129,318.  271 

370.  000 

709.  945 

Gumba 

4,  005.  340 

52,  318.  674 

180.  000 

828.  297 

Tocbigi 

1,  173.  800 

73,  924,  837 

806.  567 

982.  862 

Miyo 

6,  9.97.  503 

125.  .599.  516 

2,  403.  000 

491.  334 

Aicbi 

4,  225.  .320 

167,  841.  000 

396.  000 

450.  000 

Shidzuoka 

3,  956.  980 

158,  374.  244 

329.  715 

596.  877 

Yamauashi 

3,  496.  000 

52,  604.  810 

250.  000 

700.  000 

Shiga 

4, 147.  484 

89,  864.  591 

772.  840 

552. 138 

Gifu 

2,  705.  000 

88,  065.  000 

239.  000 

500.  000 

Nagano 

5,940.  900 

98, 193.  714 

400.  000 

1,  593.  875 

Miyagi 

4,  044.  950 

61,  367.  563 

920.  000 

1,  738.  041 

Fukiishima 

3,  007.  SCO 

102,  940.  000 

700.  000 

1,  709.  365 

Iwate 

13,  568. 175 

74,  430.  900 

250.  000 

1,046.1.50  ; 

Aomori 

6,  247.  000 

45,  .537.  400 

305.  000 

1,  298.  009  i 

Tamagata 

10,  393.  539 

84, 918.  398 

730.  000 

1,  230.  000  ! 

Akita 

4,  440.  250 

90, 696. 450 

400.  000 

1,396.350  * 

Fukui  

5,  453.  930 

42,  746. 147 

250.  000 

2,306.800  i 

Ishikawa  

8,  863.  800 

64,  593.  000 

300.  000 

995.  200  , 

Toyama  

3, 129.  980 

55,  377.  520 

260.  000 

1,  917.  OCK)  1 

Tottori 

i,  935.  750 

28,  462.  210 

355. 8S5 

872.342  ' 

Shimane 

1,729.743 

49,  551.  279 

640.  059 

640.  OCO 

Okayama 

2,  297.  290 

156,  084.  410 

350.  000 

1,090.000 

Hiroshima 

1,  347.  654 

132,  487.  400 

190.  000 

480.000  1 

Yamaguchi 

7,  391.  000 

81,  876.  502 

400.  000 

798.242 

"Wakayama 

2,  429.  572 

63, 122.  400 

285.  000 

488.420  i 

Tokushima 

2,  821.  000 

8.5,  492. 160 

3,  260.  000 

400.000 

Yehime 

4,  364.  000 

109,  861.  000 

301.  000 

433.000  1 

Kochi 

2, 101. 168 

95,  929.  960 

270. 000 

566.773  ! 

Fukuoka 

3,  064.  000 

121,434.  000 

250.  000 

700.000  1 

Oita 

4,  590.  578 

92,  037.  000 

400.  000 

725.100  1 

Saga 

1,  489.  COO 

49,  865.  000 

300.  000 

850.  000 

Kumamoto 

3,  272.  700 

120,  457.  300 

350.  000 

1, 144.  800 

Kagoshima 

1,213.  250 

3,  700.  000 

101,  739.  860 
58,  652.  000 
40,  251.  000 

420.  000 

580.  000 
6,660.000  1 
11,010.000  1 

Sapporo 

3,  037.  000 

600.  000 

Kemuro 

2,  962.  000 

6, 122.  000 

500.  000 

28,568.000  1 

Total 

186,  235. 509 

4, 114,  979. 766 

25.  986. 431 

135,09L026 

524 


EDUCATION  IN  JAPAN, 


53 


expenses  for  the  sixteenth  year  of  Meiji  (1883) — (Continued). 


Expenses  for  peni- 
tentiaries. 


yen  i.  r. 
215, 381.  399 
137, 108. 623 
136, 710. 916 
78,  695. 440 

71,  307. 810 
51, 320. 454 
59, 155. 602 
31,  067.  000 
70,  837. 169 
58, 127.  326 
80,  543. 993 
61,  688. 354 
45, 649. 023 
68,978.117 
87, 178.  675 
68, 142.  609 
38,  379. 547 
70, 896.  297 
4.5,  390.  000 
65, 409.  726 
21, 454. 198 
71, 084.  382 
25, 462.  203 

29,  401.  000 
40,  736.  381 
36. 504. 172 

30,  031. 168 
35,  963.  353 
23, 955.  673 
29,  670.  553 
37, 181. 997 
96,  265. 759 

72,  500. 269 
48, 068. 898 

37,  037. 228 
42, 433. 028 
95,  728.  000 
87,  707. 105 
64,  622.  000 
55, 830. 652 

38,  250.  000 
54,  085. 076 
37, 699.  582 
14,  847.  090 
40, 170.  000 

9, 725.  000 


2,  718. 571. 877 


Reserve  fond. 

Miscellaneous  ex* 
penses. 

TotaL 

Educational  ex- 
penses per  cent,  of 
total  expenses. 

ytn  %.  r. 
14,  350. 655 

ytn  «.  r. 
17. 064. 000 

yen  b.  r. 

1, 291,  616. 319 

.990 

12, 348. 637 

636,  290.  486 

3.  624 

17,  522. 722 

8. 469. 950 

855, 863. 273 

4. 875 

11,604. 033 

3, 753. 876 

523, 856.  845 

1. 708 

6, 500. 000 

2, 688. 700 

728, 402. 132 

12. 936 

20, 000. 000 

300. 919 

314,  516.  534 

10. 751 

9, 319. 821 

27, 400. 459 

774, 128.  900 
200, 699.  240 

7.  472 

15, 830. 000 

13.  057 

5, 000. 000 

580, 656.  961 

14.  677 

7, 500. 000 

462, 303. 154 

8.225 

4, 000. 000 

503,  904.  979 

6.  811 

3, 432. 945 

328, 643.  938 

9.356 

10,  200.  000 

370,  641. 293 

9.516 

4,  706. 258 

517,  071.  540 

12.  291 

5, 422. 502 

842. 200 

668, 442.  583 

4. 688 

8, 336.  646 

563,  345.  842 

7. 761 

5,  000.  000 

290,  254.  295 

5. 055 

3, 007. 822 

341,  056. 104 

4.410 

9, 457. 415 

6, 126.  000 

444,  380. 915 

12.  577 

10,  292. 797 

45,  000  000 

627,  686.  514 

6. 927 

2, 518.  688 

23,  668. 295 

429, 152. 468 

7.  055 

5,  043.  557 

518,  699. 665 

7.  620 

15, 000. 000 

354,  724. 421 

11. 819 

4,  849.  700 

3,  075.  000 

289, 167.  764 

9. 285 

9,  824.  941 

405,  534.  005 

5.799 

7,  000.  000 

321,  825.  352 

9.317 

2,  802. 224 

297,  331. 489 

11.  601 

9,  253.  496 

3,  037. 666 

388, 306.  004 

15.  549 

18, 261.  088 

378,  981.  896 

10. 132 

1, 500. 000 

181, 044,  273 

5. 799 

4,  000.  000 

249,459.632 

3.  570 

13,  205.  898 

642,  267.  931 

7.  575 

4, 766.  009 

1,  584. 187 

488,  976.  291 

8.265 

6,  211.187 

446,  993.  971 

2. 357 

3,  000.  000 

300, 795. 771 

12. 489 

2,  000.  000 

312,  027.  751 

8. 495 

10, 142.  508 

670, 903.  508 

4. 812 

2,  501. 927 

746. 448 

332,  648.  073 

8. 076 

9,  787.  935 

12,  840.  743 

580,  844.  678 

13. 159 

6,  064. 180 

376,  707.  899 

4.  792 

8, 000. 000 

256,  935.  000 

9.  349 

5,  094.  025 

515,  531.  040 

10.  119 

4, 260.  650 

336,  822.  639 

4.  441 

23,  036. 000 

198,  403.  000 
293,  389.  000 

5.  796 

6.  015 

15,  844.  000 

141, 061.  000 

3.190 

323, 150.  266 

211,  208.  443 

20,  638,  956. 368 

7.603 

525 


54 


CmCULAES  - OF  ■ INFORMATION  ‘FOE  <*1885, 


Table  VI. — Part  8. — Showing  the  sources  o/  income  for 


Name  of  fu  or  ken. 


Local  tax. 


Fund  from  treas- 
ury. 


Voluntary  con- 
tributions. 


Special  fund. 


Tokio 

Kioto 

Osaka 

Kanagawa  . 

niogo 

Nagasaki... 

Niigata 

Hakodate  .. 

Saitama 

Chiba 

Ibaraki  

Gumba 

Tocbigi 

lliyo 

Aicbi 

Shidzuoka  . 
Yamanasbi 

Shiga 

Gifu 

Nagano 

lliyagi 

Fukushima 

Iwate 

-Vomori 

Vaniagata- . 

Akita 

Fukui 

Ishikawa 

Toyama 

Tottori 

.Shimane 

Okayama 

Hiroshima  . 
Yamagucbi 
W akay  ama 
Tokushima. 

Yebime 

Kochi 

Fukuoka 

Oita 

Saga 

Kumamoto . 
Kagoshima. 
Okinawa  ... 

Sapporo 

Nemuro 


yen  «.  r. 
891,  477.  219 
560, 462.  729 
786,  042.  339 
456,  173.  842 
697,  673.  324 
299,  399.  204 
734,  513.  631 
121,  984.  000 
555,  203.  384 
438,  081.  289 
479,  008.  860 
314,  941.  507 
358,  340. 840 

497,  763.  268 
645,  708.  619 
537,  671.  830 
280,  459.  987 

320,  283.  277 
427,  6.50.  377 
503,  455.  447 
412,  173.  858 

498,  508. 135 
339, 199. 842 
278,  141.  610 
383,  653.  030 
305, 589.  898 
282,  921.  309 
373,  253.  253 
367, 180.  946 
170,  577. 748 
237,421.  339 
620,  580. 335 
465,  378.  760 
381,  524.  739 
293.  720.  609 
282,  248. 152 
636,  278.  893 

321,  618.  751 
559,  646.  447 
356, 140.  587 
245, 335.  385 
460,  795.  903 
320, 406. 137 


166,  326.  000 


yen  g.  r. 
400, 139. 100 
75, 827.  757 
69,  820. 9.34 
67,  683. 003 
30, 728.  808 
15, 117.  330 
24, 425. 543 
77, 762. 000 
25, 453. 577 
23, 125. 031 
24,  896. 119 

13,  702. 431 
12,  300.  453 

19,  308. 272 
22, 733.  964 

20,  599.  012 
9,  794. 308 

20,  772.  327 

16.  730. 538 
24,  231.  067 
16, 915. 387 
20, 191.  530 
15,  524. 579 

11,  026. 154 
18,  965.  025 
10,  606. 460 
14, 410. 180 
15,  052.  751 
11,800.950 
10, 466.  525 

12,  038.  293 
21, 687.  596 

17,  897.  531 

21,  692.  482 

10,  360. 162 

14,  8S2.  643 
34,  684.  615 

11,  029.  322 
21, 198.  231 
20, 567.  312 
11,  599.  615 
54,  735. 137 
16,416.502 

198,  403.  000 
127,  063.  000 
141, 061. 000 


yen  e.  r. 


953. 240 


2, 915. 950 


5,  700.  000 
43,  776.  750 
2,  715.  000 


yen  g.  r. 


5, 62a  994 


Total 


18, 664, 916. 639 


1,  875, 428. 056 


56, 060. 940 


5, 628. 994 


I 


526 


EDUCATION  IN  JAPAN, 


55 


local  expenses  for  llie  sixteenth  year  of  Meiji  (1883). 


Interest  on  educa- 
tional lund. 

Miscellaneous. 

Total, 

Compared  with  the  previous  year. 

Increase. 

Decrease. 

yen  8.  r. 

yen  8.  r. 

yen  s.  r. 

1,  291,  010. 319 
636,  200.  480 
855,  863. 273 
523,  850.  845 
728,  402. 132 
314.  516.  534 
774,  128.  900 
200,  699.  240 
580,  056.  961 
402,  303. 154 
503,  994.  979 
328,  643.  938 
.370,  641.  293 

517,  071.540 
6C8,  442.  583 
563,  345.  842 
290,  254.  295 
341,  056. 104 
414,  380.  915 
527,  680.  514 
429,  152.  468 

518,  699.  665 
354, 724.  421 

. 289,167.764 
405,  534.  005 
321,  825. 352 
297,  331.  489 
388,  306. 004 
378,  981.  896 
181,044.  273 
249,  459.  632 
642,  207.  931 
488, 970.  291 
446,  993.  971 
306,  795.771 
312,  627. 751 
670,  963.  508 
332,  648.  073 
580,  844.  678 
376,  707.  899 
256,  935.  000 
51.5,  ,531.  040 
330, 822.  639 
198,  403.  000 
293,  389.  000 
141,  061.  000 

yen  8.  r. 

yen  s.  r. 
40,  048.  512 
45,  855.  927 

2,  345.  285 
14,  108.219 

3,  371.  976 

15, 189. 72(3 

69,  995.  803 

27,  229.  740 
53,  470.  856 

1.  096.  834 

18,  504.  591 

9,  782.  401 

91,  775. 188 
2,  883.  949 
22,  990.  133 
33,  196.  265 
99,119.  454 
10,  036.  403 
112,735.152 
15,  159.  480 
68,  850.  072 
3, 159.  080 

5,  075.  000 

03.  223 

42,  981.  592 

450.  559 
30,  807.  499 

30,  809.  218 

31,  647.  634 

1, 125. 121 

7,  973.  Ill 

11,007.  055 
22,  392.  827 
06,  729.  759 

88,  073.  971 
15,  648.  853 
204.  532 

15, 496.  956 

42, 709.  386 

9,  805.  045 
2,  015.  783 

3,  820.  054 

2,  379.  680 

18,  349.  000 

18,  332.  000 
20,  647. 000 

16,  286. 560 

20,  635. 179 

20,  638, 956.  368 

527 


56 


CIRCULARS  OF  INFORMATION  FOR  1885. 


Table  VI. — Part  9. — Showing  contributions  and  contributors  to  the  public  schools,  kin- 
dergartens, 4'0.,  for  the  sixteenth  year  of  Meiji  (1883). 


Name  of  fu 
or  ken. 


Amonnt 
of  money. 


TSkio 

Kioto 

Osaka 

Kanagawa . 

Hiogo 

Nagasaki  .. 

Niigata 

Hakodate . . 

Saitama 

Chiba 

Ibaraki 

Gumba 

Toobigi 

Miye 

Aichi 

Shidzuoka  . 
Yamanasbi. 

Shiga 

Gifu 

Nagano 

Miyagi 

Fuknsbima 

Iwate 

Aomori 

Yamagata  - 

Akita 

Fnkni 

Isbikawa  . . 

Toyama 

Tottori 

Shimane  . . . 
Okayama  .. 
Hiroshima  - 
Yamagucbi 
W akayama 
Tokushima 

Yehime 

Kochi 

Fukuoka... 

Oita 

Saga 

Kumamoto. 
Miyazaki  .. 
Kagoshima. 
Okinawa . . . 

Sapporo 

Nemuro 


yen  s.r. 
5,  6G8. 914 
28, 489. 1.51 
10, 576.  243 
3, 684. 184 

16,  870. 281 
4. 212. 668 

103,  280.  550 
2, 645. 110 
5, 256. 407 
21, 796.  375 
10, 414.  236 
19,444.  087 

17,  711.  815 
20, 430. 129 
59, 550.  580 
41,847.458 
17, 392.  800 

7,  431.  072 
1.5, 416. 880 
26, 024. 549 
2, 137. 174 
6, 433.  091 
19, 071.  793 

1,  423.  606 
15, 799.  954 

3,  422. 625 

5,  858. 640 

3,  984. 939 

2,  041.  819 
636.  005 

4, 339.  017 
10,  453.  041 

4,  736.713 
22, 366. 238 

4,  532. 409 
6, 631.  333 
18,561.414 
2,  667.  772 
7, 935. 415 
1,  839.  988 

6,  047.  600 

1,  416. 917 
937.  300 

2,  816. 203 
438.  613 

2,  073. 130 
192.  000 


Total 


596, 938. 238 


Ground. 

Build- 

ings. 

Books. 

Appa- 

ratus. 

Appli- 

asces. 

Value  of 
miscella- 
neous arti- 
cles. 

Number  of 
conti  ibu- 
tors. 

(d) 

yen  8.  r. 

1 

161 

46 

156 

12.  360 

2,875 

183. 00 

1,  885 

1,183 

1,500 

97.  640 

7.  995 

8,  075.  72 

417 

6,328 

6,  803 

292.  900 

■5,493 

2, 250. 00 

1 

143 

51 

190 

115.  650 

■ 1,617 

493. 40 

4 

67 

89 

312 

55. 738 

5,827 

171. 00 

1 

3, 065 

58 

980 

2,  086. 37 

5 

133 

29 

288 

456. 895 

4.3,  619 

604. 00 

32 

3 

1 

34.  000 

844 

380 

48 

32 

298. 107 

1 971 

161.00 

5 

187 

59 

344 

48.  400 

5i21G 

429.  00 

1 

75 

4 

13 

500 

4,391 

10, 724. 00 

51 

16 

193 

26.  750 

3,426 

19,604.00 

4 

116 

132 

219 

168.  900 

4,  083 

1,  519.00 

1 

109 

25 

255 

188.428 

9,583 

4,  546.  00 

1 

342 

69 

55 

8.640 

4^,  910 

1,  865.00 

4 

332 

52 

197 

179.  759 

17,  960 

Si9. 00 

194 

189 

397 

10.  900 

5,  il2 

712. 00 

133 

52 

125 

71.740 

2,  235 

7,  763. 00 

39 

38 

77 

70.  090 

17,  891 

1, 309.  66 

6 

53 

20 

55 

91.  645 

4,529 

1, 440.  00 

15 

21 

18 

66.  200 

895 

1, 419.  00 

1 

18 

2 

30 

1,358 

794.  00 

1 

16 

18 

7, 195 

80 

6 

12 

18.  520 

1 930 

348.  00 

3 

37 

94 

64 

75.  000 

li  810 

92  00 

283 

8 

37 

1 076 

128.  00 

1 

51 

50 

41 

1.600 

1,'384 

163.  00 

1 

54 

199 

2 

36. 393 

1,  972 

175.  00 

23 

268 

200. 00 

50 

454 

24.  00 

100 

4 

113 

7.  500 

1,400 

1,  527.  00 

115 

6 

5 

27.  230 

4,  341 

94.5.  00 

1 

87 

423 

70 

10.  570 

2,870 

95 

1 

158 

4. 150 

9. 403 

296.  00' 

1 

5 

15 

45.  000 

L236 

3,  056.  00 

1 

27 

20 

1 659 

1,  743.  61 

3 

362 

177 

37 

15.  000 

lli  907 

150. 00 

9 

11.  500 

1,  507 

1 

130 

1 

20 

22. 990 

5;  594 

1 

1 

1, 272 

14 

9 

50 

9.  500 

618 

169. 86 

19. 100 

639 

11 

2.  500 

92 

3 

1. 060 

1, 958 

1 

240 

539 

6. 000 

10 

75, 985.  62 

49 

9,441 

9, 531 

11,  943 

2, 608. 855 

258,184 

a Unit  In  this  column  is  tsubo.  A tsubo  equals  36  square  feet. 


628 


O 


